Herd Record of the Association of Breeders of Thorough-Bred Neat Stock: Short Horns, Ayrshires and DevonsVarious
Science
Herd Record of the Association of Breeders of Thorough-Bred Neat Stock: Short Horns, Ayrshires and Devons
Various
Cattle; Cattle -- Pedigrees -- Periodicals
Various accounts represent that the Earl of Marchmont, some time between
1724 and 1740, introduced to his estates, in Berwickshire, some cattle,
conjectured (their history was not positively known) to be of the
Holderness or Teeswater breed, and that, not long afterwards, some of
the stock was carried to estates belonging to the same nobleman, in that
part of Ayrshire called Kyle. But, perhaps, the main nucleus of the
improved breed was the "Dunlop stock," so called, which appears to have
been possessed by a distinguished family by the name of Dunlop, in the
Cunningham District of Ayrshire, as early as 1780. This stock, it is
said, was derived, at least in part, from animals imported from Holland.
The Dunlop cows soon became noted. Rawlin (as quoted by Youatt), who
wrote in 1794, speaking of the cattle of Ayrshire, says, "They have
another breed, called the Dunlop, which are allowed to be the best race
for yielding milk in Great Britain, or Ireland, not only for large
quantities, but also for richness and quality." This, though extravagant
praise, perhaps, shows that the stock possessed remarkable qualities at
that early day. It was, indeed, held in great esteem still earlier. In
Youatt's Treatise, it is mentioned, when speaking of the cattle of
Dumfrieshire, that the poet Burns, when he occupied a farm near the city
of Dumfries, "not content with the Galloway breed, introduced some of
the West-Country cows, which he thought would produce more milk." In
the poet's published correspondence, allusion is made, in a letter dated
November 13th, 1788, to a heifer which had been presented to him by the
proprietor of Dunlop House, as "the finest quey in Ayrshire." Mrs.
Dunlop, it will be remembered, was a special friend and correspondent of
the poet.[A]
Col. Le Couteur, in a paper on the Jersey or Alderney cow, published in
the Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society, refers to a statement by
Quayle, that the Ayrshire was a cross of the Short Horn and Alderney;
and adds himself that "there is a considerable affinity between the two
breeds." Rawlin also says, in reference to the Ayrshire breed, "It is
said to be a mixture by bulls brought from the island of Alderney, with
their own or the old race of cows." Martin says, "At some period or
other there has evidently been a cross with the Durham or Holderness,
and, perhaps, also with the Alderney." Professor Low, in his
"Illustrations of British Quadrupeds," says, "From all the evidence
which, in the absence of authentic documents, the case admits of, the
dairy breed of Ayrshire cows, owes the characters which distinguish it
from the older race, to a mixture of the blood of the races of the
continent and of the dairy breed of Alderney."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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