THE IDEA IN OTHER WORDS The ideas conveyed by the fundamental meanings found in the word _Volk_ appear in other words and in various languages: GREEK πλῆθος—a great number, a throng, a crowd, multitude, especially of people. πολύς—properly of number, many; opposed to ὀλίγος. οἱ πολλοί—the many; that is, the greater number. ὄχλος—a moving crowd, a throng, irregular crowd, in a political sense, the populace or mob, opposed to δῆμος. γένος—race, stock, family, whether by blood or by nationality: αἷμα τε καὶ γένος ―—a race in regard to number, γένος ἀνδρῶν, mankind. φῦλον—a set of men or any living beings as naturally distinct from others; a race or tribe; in a closer sense, a race of people or a nation. ἔθνος—a number of people living together, a company, a body of men. ἔθνος ἑταίρων—a band of comrades. ἔθνος λαῶν—a host of men. ὁ δῆμος—a district, country, land. Also the people of such a district, hence (as in early times the common people were scattered through the country while the chiefs held the city) the commons, common people. δήμου ἀνήρ opposed to βασιλεύς. LATIN _Vulgus_—people collectively or without distinction, the public or people generally: _Non est consilium in vulgo_. The multitude, the common people, the populace. _Populus_—a people, the commons in contradistinction to the senate and knights: _senatus populusque Romanus_. The inhabitants of a country or town, a nation, a whole people: _Populus Romanus victor dominusque omnium gentium_. A large number of people, a crowd, throng: _populus fratrum_. _Plebs_—The common people, commonality, the ignoble opposed to _patricii_, _patres_ or _senatus_; whereas _populus_ comprises both classes. When the knights, _equites_, were raised to a separate class, the _plebs_ formed the third; i.e., the last or lowest class; hence, the lower class of people, the populace, the mass. FRENCH _Peuple_—a multitude of people of the same country and living under the same laws: _Les peuples ne souffrent que par les fautes des rois_.[6] _Peuple_—a multitude of people who, although not occupying the same country, have the same religion or the same origin: _et je serai leur Dieu, et eux ils seront mon peuple_.[7] _Peuple_—that part of a nation considered as opposed to the classes among whom there is either more ease or more education: _Il y a le peuple qui est opposé aux grands. C’est la populace et la multitude._[8] In Middle English the word people was already a synonym for _folc_: “A Blysful lyf, Ledden the peoples in the former age” (Chaucer). In Modern English the word people has almost entirely displaced _Volk_ except in colloquial or archaic speech. Like _Volk_ in its fundamental sense we have: People—a body of persons composing a community, tribe, race, or nation.