Hermann Stieffel, Soldier Artist of the WestHowell, Edgar M.
History
Hermann Stieffel, Soldier Artist of the West
Howell, Edgar M.
Stieffel, Hermann, 1826-1886; West (U.S.) -- Pictorial works
Satanta is pictured in the act of speaking to the commissioners, three
of whom can be identified as the military members, Generals Terry,
Augur, and Harney from left to right,[32] plus one of the civilian
commissioners, possibly N. G. Taylor, Commissioner of Indian Affairs. A
daring and successful warrior, Satanta's eloquence and vigor of
expression had already won for him the title "Orator of the Plains."
Every feature on his strong face, every line, showed his character--a
forceful, untamable savage of a tribe as well known for its lack of
honor, gratitude, and general reliability as for its bravery.[33] With
great dignity and impact he first denounced bitterly and scornfully the
killing for mere sport of a number of buffalo near the council site by
some troopers of the 7th Cavalry:
Has the white man become a child, that he should recklessly kill
and not eat? When the red men slay game, they do so that they may
live and not starve.
In direct relation to the treaty, he continued with obvious sincerity:
I love the land and the buffalo.... I don't want any of the
medicine lodges [schools and churches] within the country. I want
the children raised as I was.... I have heard that you intend to
settle us on a reservation near the mountains. I don't want to
settle. I love to roam over the prairies. There I am free and
happy, but when we settle down we grow pale and die.... A long
time ago this land belonged to our fathers; but when I go up to the
river I see camps of soldiers on its banks. These soldiers cut down
my timber; they kill my buffalo; and when I see that my heart feels
like busting.
Little wonder Stieffel and all those present were impressed. It is
appropriate to add that neither the Indians nor the Government of the
United States observed the provisions of this treaty.
[Illustration: Figure 9.--Miles City, Montana. (_USNM 384190;
Smithsonian photo 37925-B._)]
The remainder of Stieffel's paintings have no such impact as the earlier
ones, but nonetheless they are important, especially for their almost
meticulous detail of camp and post life and terrain in the West. In that
of the camp of peace commissioners he accurately depicts the various
types of tentage of the Army at the time--the small slanting wall tents
of the enlisted men, the wall tents of the individual officers, the
large wall headquarters and officers' mess tents, and the familiar
Sibleys, one of which is obviously being used for the guard. The escort
wagons and ambulances are regulation transport of the period. The artist
has even included a sentry walking post at the ration dump with fixed
bayonet, a sound precaution against sticky red fingers. Two Indian
camps are shown in the background, and the Indians, as would befit the
atmosphere of a treaty council, are moving freely through the military
camp to the apparent unconcern of the military.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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