The English Distinguished Conduct Medal was instituted in 1862, and is awarded for individual acts of distinguished conduct in the field. The Distinguished Service Medal was instituted in 1914, and is awarded to chief petty officers and men of the Navy, and non-commissioned officers and men of the Royal Marines in cases where the Distinguished Service Order would be inappropriate. The Distinguished Service Cross was originally the Conspicuous Service Cross instituted in 1901. In 1914 the title was changed to the Distinguished Service Cross, and all officers below the rank of Lieutenant-Commander were made eligible for the award. It is frequently bestowed in cases where services are not considered of a suitable nature for appointment to the Distinguished Service Order. [Illustration: AWARDS AND DECORATIONS. 1. The Legion of Honour: Fifth Order, Croix Chevalier. 2. The French Cross of War. 3. The English Distinguished Service Cross. 4. Distinguished Service Medal. ] We shall here see afresh how widely and how well awards and decorations have been earned by our airmen. Captain William Douglas Stock Sanday, M.C., R.F.C., has been made a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order for conspicuous gallantry and skill. He had led over thirty-five patrols with great courage. On one occasion a machine of his formation was attacked, but he charged and brought down the enemy machine in flames. He has destroyed at least four enemy machines. The same honour has been conferred upon Lieutenant (temporary Captain) Alan Machin Wilkinson, for conspicuous gallantry and skill. He has shown great dash in attacking enemy machines, and up to the end of August, 1916, he had accounted for five. On one occasion while fighting a hostile machine he was attacked from behind, but out-manœuvred the enemy and shot him down. Finally he got back, his machine much damaged by machine-gun fire. The Military Cross has been awarded to Lieutenant (temporary Captain) Leslie Peech Aizlewood, for conspicuous gallantry and skill. Seeing five hostile machines, he manœuvred to get between them and their lines; then, diving on one of them, he reserved his fire till he was only twenty yards off. The hostile machine fell out of control, but he was so close to it that he collided with it, breaking his propeller and damaging his machine. Though it was barely controllable, he managed to get back to our lines. The same decoration has been conferred on Lieutenant (temporary Captain) John Oliver Andrews, for conspicuous gallantry and skill. He has proved a fine leader of offensive patrols, and has himself shot down four enemy machines. On one occasion he got within twenty-five yards of an enemy machine under heavy fire and brought it down a wreck.