Hesperothen; Notes from the West, Vol. 2 (of 2): A Record of a Ramble in the United States and Canada in the Spring and Summer of 1881Russell, William Howard, Sir
History
Hesperothen; Notes from the West, Vol. 2 (of 2): A Record of a Ramble in the United States and Canada in the Spring and Summer of 1881
Russell, William Howard, Sir
United States -- Description and travel
the year by the United States Government was $249,299; by the State of
New York, $15,863; by the State of Pennsylvania, $325; by other States,
nothing; by religious societies, $46,933; by tribal funds, $7481.
22,048 Indian families were engaged in cultivating farms or small
patches of ground; 33,125 male Indians were labouring in civilised
pursuits; and 358 Indian apprentices had been pursuing trades during
the year. This census and these statistics are stated to be imperfect,
and it would require a close examination of the returns to enable an
inquirer to form any idea as to the progress made in the direction
which we are told is the alternative of destruction.
The Reservations of the various Indian tribes are scattered irregularly
over the United States; from Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota on
the north and north-west, away to the Territories on the other side
of the Rocky Mountains, down to New Mexico and Arizona, there being
none in the southern states bordering the Atlantic. But there are
Red Men of different tribes located, as the Americans would say, in
the States to the east, such as New York. The Reservations are of
irregular size and extent. Isabella, in the State of Maine, reserved
for 848 Indians, lies to the east of 86° longitude, and south of 44°
latitude. There is a considerable group of Reservations on the western
shore of Lake Michigan in Wisconsin, and in Minnesota. But the proper
Indian territory lies west of Arkansas, with the Red River on the
south, New Mexico on the west, and Kansas on the north; and in it are
concentrated the Cherokees, Choctaws, Chicasaws, Comanches, Cheyennes,
and several other tribes. The Navajo Reservation in New Mexico and
Arizona ranks perhaps next in size, extending northwards into Colorado,
where the Utes have got a large tract of land assigned to them upon
what appears now to be very doubtful or vanishing tenure. These, and
numerous reservations, which it would be tedious to enumerate, are
under the charge of agents appointed by the Government at Washington,
as to whose functions and personal character and attainments one
hears very surprising and contradictory reports. But I confess, from
a perusal of the documents which they have furnished to the head of
the Department, and which are published in the Annual Report, there
seems to me no just ground for imputing to these gentlemen want of
zeal, knowledge, interest, or intelligence. Those who detest the whole
work of saving the Red Man are very apt to impute to the Indian agents
not only corrupt practices in relation to the sale of government
stores and supplies destined for the use of those under their charge,
but illicit traffic in spirits, which is ruinous to the Red Man, and
even some participation in the acts of violence which have frequently
led to Indian troubles. It all depends upon the manner in which your
informant in the States regards the Indian Question whether the agents
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