It seems to me that one of the most important functions of literature is
to seize the really fine flavours of life and to preserve them, as it
were, in permanent form. When we were talking about "Huckleberry Finn,"
for example, I remember that I spoke of it as the story of a boy who "runs
away." But what a curious magic there is in these words "runs away."
Doesn't it, when you come to examine the phrase, exhale the very essence
and spirit of romance? Some time ago I reminded you that the essential
thing is concealed under all manner of grotesque and unseemly forms, that
one can detect a veritable human passion under the cry of the news-boy,
shouting, "All the winners!" So I think that phrase, "run away," carries
to us its meaning and significance. For, after all, what did all the
heroes of romance do but "run away"? They left the region of the known,
the familiar fields or the familiar shores, and adventured out in the
great waste of the unexplored, into the forest or upon the sea. Here,
perhaps, you have the true interpretation of the phrase "divine
discontent," for surely only that is divine which revolts from the
commonness of the common life, which is conscious of things beyond, of
better things, of a world which transcends all daily experience. I said
once, I think, that the English passion for trading goes very well with
the supremacy of English poetry, since poetry and shop-keeping are but
different expressions of the one idea; and here again you find
confirmation of the theory in that very marked English characteristic--the
desire of wandering, of "going on and on" in the manner of a knight
errant or a fairy tale hero. Of course, in practice, this really divine
impulse is corrupted by all kinds of earthly, secondary motions; and just
as the love of a venture which is at the root of trade often or always
ends in a very vulgar wish to make money and more money and to set up a
brougham and confound the Smiths, so the great joy of exploration, of
running away from the mapped and charted land has for its issues the
"development of markets," the "progress of civilisation," the profitable
sale of poison, and all manner of base and blackguardly manœuvres. But, of
course, one expects all this; it is the inevitable mixture of the lower
with the higher which characterises all our human ways. Still the higher
motive dwells within us--I suspect, indeed, that if it were not for the
higher the lower could hardly flourish--and so when you hear that a boy
has run away to sea or elsewhere I wish you to think kindly of him as a
survival of the most primitive and important human passions. Yes, I think
I am right in saying that the lower things of humanity only flourish in
consequence of the existence of the higher. Take the French nation, for
example. It is infinitely more bent on gain for the mere sake of gain
than the English; it is ready to work harder, to give more time, to live
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