Hindu gods and heroes : $b studies in the history of the religion of IndiaBarnett, Lionel D. (Lionel David)
ReligionEastern
Hindu gods and heroes : $b studies in the history of the religion of India
Barnett, Lionel D. (Lionel David)
Hindu mythology; Hinduism
Our next evidence is an inscription found not long ago on the base of
a stone column at Besnagar near Bhilsa, in the south of Gwalior
State,[24] and must have been engraved soon after 200 B.C. It reads as
follows: "This Garuḍa-column of Vāsudēva the god of gods was erected
here by Heliodorus, a worshipper of the Lord [_bhāgavata_], the son of
Diya [Greek _Dion_] and an inhabitant of Taxila, who came as
ambassador of the Greeks from the Great King Aṃtalikita [Greek
_Antialcidas_] to King Kāśīputra Bhāgabhadra the Saviour, who was
flourishing in the fourteenth year of his reign"; and below this are
two lines in some kind of verse, which announce that "three immortal
steps ... when practised lead to heaven--self-control, charity, and
diligence." Here, then, in the centre of a thriving kingdom probably
forming part of the Śuṅga empire, Vāsudēva is worshipped not as a
minor hero or teacher, but as the god of gods, _dēva-dēva_; and he is
worshipped by the Greek Heliodorus, visiting the place as an
ambassador from Antialcidas, a Hellenic king of the lineage of
Eucratides, who was reigning in the North-West of India. Doubtless the
act of Heliodorus was a diplomatic courtesy, in order to please King
Kāśīputra Bhāgabhadra. But observe the nature of his act. He caused to
be erected a Garuḍa-column, that is, a pillar engraved with the figure
of Garuḍa, the sacred bird of Vishṇu; and he added a verse about
"three immortal steps" (_trini amutapadāni_), as leading to heaven,
which sounds suspiciously like an attempt to moralise the old mythical
feature of the three Steps of Vishṇu. Plainly Vāsudēva had now risen
in this part of the country from being the teacher of a church of
Vishṇu-Nārāyaṇa to the rank of its chief god, with which he had become
fully identified.
[Footnote 24: See Rapson, _Ancient India_, p. 156 ff., _Cambridge
Hist. India_, i, pp. 521, 558, 625, H. Ray Chaudhuri, _Materials for
the Study of the Early History of the Vaishnava Sect_, p. 59, and
Ramaprasad Chanda, _Archæology and Vaishnava Tradition_ in _Memoirs of
the Archæological Survey of India_, No. 5, p. 151 ff., etc.]
Another inscription, a few years later in date, has been found in
Besnagar. It is a mere fragment, but it supplements the other; for it
states that a certain _bhāgavata_, or "worshipper of the Lord," named
Gōtama-puta (Gautama-putra in Sanskrit) erected a Garuḍa-column for
the Lord's temple in the twelfth year from the coronation of King
Bhāgavata. This king is perhaps the same as the person of that name
who appears in some genealogical lists as the last but one of the
Śuṅga Kings.[25]
[Footnote 25: See R. Chanda, _ut supra_, p. 152 f.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account