Of the above list, twenty (distinguished by one cross) are in Yájnavalkya's list:[7] seventeen of these are named by Paráśara, _viz._ all except Yama, Brihaspati and Vyása, instead of whom he gives Kaśyapa, Gárgya and Prachetas: the _Padma Puráṇa_ gives those named by Yájnavalkya, with the exception of Atri, and seventeen others, (distinguished by two crosses) three of whom, Prachetas, Kaśyapa and Gárgya, are on Paráśara's list, and the remaining fourteen, not before mentioned: Madhusúdana Saraswatí names the same nineteen of Yájnavalkya's list, also Devala, Nárada, Paiṭhínasi: Ráma Krishṇa, in his gloss to the _Grihya Sútras_ of Páraskara, mentions thirty-nine, of whom nine (distinguished by three crosses) are new ones. There is also a Dharma Śástra attributed to Śankha and Likhita jointly, thus making forty-seven in the whole. The professor considers all to be extant; and has himself met with quotations from all, except Agni, Kuthumi, Budha, Śáṭyáyana, and Soma. To those may be added several recensions of the same Dharma Śástras, of which professor Stenzler speaks to having read of twenty-two. The entire forty-seven are independent sources of and authorities upon Hindu law. The Digest of Jagannát'ha Tarcapanchánana, as translated by Colebrooke, is a valuable repertory of texts; but, detached and isolated as they necessarily are, those texts can with difficulty be appreciated or applied. Yájnavalkya is second in importance to Manu alone: and, with the commentary, is the leading authority of the Mithilá school. The resident of British India needs not to be informed, that the orthodox Hindu regards his Dharma Śástras as direct revelations of the Divine will: still less need such an one be told, that, among this people, law is entirely subservient to the mysterious despotism of cast,[8] a religious, rather than a political ordinance. With the Hindu, all religious tenets and aspirations are centred in the idea of BRAHMÁ, the one, pervading, illimitable substance, without multiple, division or repetition. This idea has two modes or phases, 1st. as representing the absolute, self-included Brahmá; 2nd. as representing Brahmá in connection with, relative to, the world. In the latter, Brahmá is creator of the world, or, the very world, a semblance or a development of the former, the absolute idea. Man's highest aspiration and aim is, to know Brahmá absolutely: to have attained this knowledge implies a total renunciation of worldly concerns, to coalesce with, to be ultimately absorbed in, reunited with, Brahmá. Bráhmaṇas are held to possess, to represent, this knowledge. Again, Brahmá is the creator, the preserver, also, the objects created and preserved. Kshattriyas represent Brahmá, the preserver: Vaisyás, Brahmá the preserved. The dogma is otherwise explained: in the secondary or relative notion, Brahmá is _Sattwa_, _Rajas_, _Tamas_, _i. e._ goodness, activity, darkness,--respectively represented by the Bráhmaṇa, Kshattriya, and Vaisyá casts.