(_b_) _Silver._—If in very much corroded condition, technically known as
‘dead,’ silver should be left alone. If there is only slight superficial
corrosion, soak in a solution of common salt or lemon juice, or strong
ammonia, and polish after a few hours. If there is a good deal of
chloride on the surface, but the body of the metal seems sound, put zinc
or iron in the solvent and the chlorine will pass over, leaving a powdery
surface which can be brushed clean. Silver should never be packed in a
tin box, even if wrapped up, or it will be found on arrival at home to
be stained with a brown rust, very difficult to remove. Pack in wood or
cardboard.
(_c_) _Copper and Bronze._—Both copper and bronze objects are best
cleaned, if possible, with hammer and burin. Bronze, however, which
the traveller will meet with most often, is frequently covered with
a corrosion which cannot be scaled off at once, and calls for an
acid solvent. Diluted hydrochloric (1:10) will act most quickly and
effectually, but it leaves a white oxy-chloride coat, not easily got
rid of either from the metal or the fingers of the operator, which it
stains deeply. On the whole, we recommend that (1) if the bronze be badly
cracked it be left alone; (2) if not cracked, but covered with very hard
corrosion, soaking in a weak solvent like lemon-juice be tried; and (3)
after that (or before, if the corrosion will yield to a tool at all)
every effort be made to pick or flake off the corrosion, after which the
object should be rubbed well with oil in the palms of the hands.
(_d_) _Lead and Iron_, after oiling, are both best left alone by the
traveller.
(_e_) _Stone._—The traveller will seldom or never be under the necessity
to treat stone surfaces, except in the case of inscribed marbles on
which carbonate of lime has formed, or small objects attacked by salt.
The former can be cleaned with strong acid; the latter must be soaked
in water for long periods, and when drying laid with the most important
surface downwards, so that evaporation into the air may take place
through the less important surfaces.
(_f_) _Pottery and Terra-cotta._—The same enemies, carbonate of lime and
salt, attack pottery and terra-cotta, and are met in the same way as in
the case of stone; but the hydrochloric or other acid solvent should be
weaker, and where there is colour be very cautiously used, if at all.
In packing vases, it should be remembered that if many are put into one
case without partitions, and one collapses, this will probably entail the
breaking of the lot. Large vases should be filled with tightly rammed
packing. Nothing of heavier or more solid material, _e.g._, stone, should
be put in a case with pottery.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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