[Illustration: THE JUMMA MUSJID, INDIA.] Historic Buildings As Seen and Described by Famous Writers EDITED AND TRANSLATED BY ESTHER SINGLETON AUTHOR OF “TURRETS, TOWERS AND TEMPLES,” “GREAT PICTURES,” “WONDERS OF NATURE,” “FAMOUS PAINTINGS,” “PARIS,” “LONDON” AND “A GUIDE TO THE OPERA,” ETC. _With Numerous Illustrations_ [Illustration] NEW YORK DODD, MEAD & COMPANY 1903 _Copyright, 1903_ BY DODD, MEAD & COMPANY _Published October, 1903_ Preface Two principles of selection have guided me in the preparation of this book, the sixth of a series which has met with a cordial reception. One is the beauty or interest from an artistic standpoint; the other, the historical associations. If the reader should miss some famous edifices, he will kindly remember that a small volume cannot contain a complete collection of all the historic buildings still standing, and that many other historic buildings have already appeared in my former books of this series, _Turrets, Towers and Temples_ and _Romantic Castles and Palaces_. I have endeavoured to find descriptions that deal with both views, giving the history of the building itself, and a description of its architectural features; and as this book contains, in consequence, a great variety of buildings of all periods and many countries, the student of both art and history will doubtless find pleasure in comparing these various styles of architecture and in composing a mental picture of events that have occurred within their walls. Some of the buildings will aid him in realizing more fully, perhaps, than before some of the various influences that have aided in developing certain races; for instance, a study of the text and pictures of the cathedrals of Monreale and Palermo will demonstrate the presence of Norman and Saracen in Sicily. In other instances, it is not a long vanished race, but the still-felt presence of some strong personality like that of Shah Jehan, whose mosques and palaces and Taj Mahal stand as monuments not only to the great conqueror, but to the magnificence of his taste. In this book, I have included several towers and fortresses as well as castles and baronial halls, and the Certosa of Pavia and La Grande Chartreuse, from which later historic home the Carthusian monks of France have lately been driven. In addition to the cathedrals and temples which have been the scenes of memorable historical events, I have added the particularly sacred shrines of the Holy Sepulchre, the Holy House of Loretto and the Campo Santo, Pisa, which attract thousands of the faithful.