In 1794, an act of the territorial Legislature was passed, which after
reciting the founding, in 1791, of a town named Knoxville in honor
of Major-General Henry Knox, “said town consisting of sixty-four
lots, numbered from one to sixty-four consecutively,” enacts in
solemn form, that a town be established on the spot indicated, and
names commissioners for its government. In 1797, fifty-nine more lots
with necessary streets were added. In 1799, the town was authorized
by law to elect its commissioners, but for two years the act seems
to have been ineffective. The commissioners when finally elected
entered promptly upon a course of vigorous municipal legislation and
administration. Among other things a town sergeant was elected, and
required to patrol the streets three nights a week, or oftener at his
option. Slaughter-pens within the town limits, wooden chimneys, hogs
upon the streets, dead or alive, and the firing of guns and pistols
within the corporate limits were declared nuisances, punishable by
fine, fifty cents being the highest lawful fine. Two of the offences
for which this highest fine was prescribed were drunkenness and
Sabbath-breaking. A few years later, presumably under pressure of
popular demand, the hog ordinance was repealed, but the provision
against wooden chimneys seems to have been rigorously enforced.
In 1815, the town was empowered to elect a Mayor, and Thomas Emmerson,
afterwards a Judge of the Supreme Court of the State, became the first
Mayor.
That the name Knoxville had been adopted before November 5, 1791, is
made certain by the fact that on that day appeared the initial number
of the _Knoxville Gazette_, the first newspaper published within the
bounds of Tennessee. Its publisher was one George Roulstone, a native
of New England, whose Yankee enterprise appeared in the fact that while
the paper from the first was called the _Knoxville Gazette_, it was
for some time published at Rogersville, an older town, seventy miles
east of Knoxville. It is supposed that the publisher was prevented by
difficulties of transportation from moving his press to Knoxville.
The _Gazette_ was a three-column paper of four pages. It had not many
advertisements and very little local news, but was filled with accounts
of the French Revolution and of European affairs in general. It gave
much space to questions of ethics, and reprinted many political and
patriotic speeches.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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