The troops in Scotland were reinforced: his Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland assumed the command, and on the 31st of January they again advanced; when the Pretender raised the siege of Stirling castle, and made a precipitate retreat. The THIRTY-FOURTH were engaged in the pursuit of the clans to Perth, where the army halted in consequence of the severe weather, until the 20th of February, when the march was resumed, and in the beginning of the following month the army arrived at Aberdeen, where its progress was retarded by heavy rains and snow storms. In the early part of April, the King’s troops were again in motion towards Inverness, and on the 16th of that month, they discovered the clans in order of battle on _Culloden moor_, when they formed line opposite the hostile ranks; the THIRTY-FOURTH, or Cholmondeley’s[9], five hundred men, being in the right wing of the front line, and on the left of the second battalion of the Royal regiment. The action commenced between twelve and one o’clock, and in less than one hour the rebel army was overpowered and chased from the moor with great slaughter. This victory was decisive, and it instantly transformed the young Pretender from an imaginary monarch to a humble fugitive; an interval of hardship and suffering followed, and after wandering for some time in disguise, among the isles and mountains, he escaped to France. The loss of the THIRTY-FOURTH Regiment at the battle of Culloden[10] was limited to three private soldiers. After returning from the pursuit of the clans, the regiment was encamped a short time near Inverness, and it was subsequently employed in escorting prisoners towards South Britain. The rebellion being finally suppressed, the services of the THIRTY-FOURTH were no longer required in Scotland, and they were stationed in England. [Sidenote: 1748] [Sidenote: 1749] The war of the Austrian succession was terminated in 1748, by the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, and in 1749 the regiment was placed on a peace establishment. Major-General the Honorable James Cholmondeley was removed to the Twelfth Dragoons, in July, 1749; and was succeeded in the colonelcy of the THIRTY-FOURTH Foot by Colonel the Honorable Henry Seymour Conway, from the Forty-eighth Regiment. [Sidenote: 1751]