Influence of the Sphyrelaton upon Sculptural Style 141 Stone-cutting 142 The Decisive Influence of both Egypt and Mesopotamia 143 _Palestine._ The Dependence of the Jews in Artistic respects upon Egypt 143 The Tabernacle 143-147 Its Disposition 144, 145 Its Columns. The Horns of the Altar. The Seven-armed Candlestick 145, 146 The Holy of Holies. Cherubim 146, 147 Solomon’s Temple 147-156 Untrustworthiness of Biblical Accounts 147 Construction of the Building. Its Site 148 The Brazen Laver 149 “Jachin and Boaz” 149-151 The Tower 151, 152 Interior. Upper Story 153, 154 Materials 154 Decoration. The Molten Sea. The Mercy-seat and Cherubim 155 The Destruction and Rebuilding of this Temple 156 Its Architectural Character 157 Rock-cut Tombs 157, 158 _Cyprus and Carthage._ The Rock-cut Tombs at Paphos 160 The Temple of Aphrodite at Golgoi. Cesnola’s Discoveries 161, 162 The Ruins of Carthage 163 _Malta, the Balearic Isles, Sardinia_ 163 _Asia Minor._ An Independent Art Found only in Lycia, Phrygia, and Lydia 164 The Rock-cut Tombs of Lycia. The Timbered Dwelling Carved in Stone 165, 166 The Monument of the Harpies at Xanthos 167 Lycian Sarcophagi 168 Temple Façades Imitated upon Cliffs 169 The Rock-cut Tombs of Phrygia 171, 172 The Tumuli of Lydia 173, 174 HELLAS. The Ægean Sea the Centre of Greek Civilization 175 The Dorians and the Ionians 176 The Development of Poetry Earlier than that of Art 177 ARCHITECTURE. The Tholos of Atreus 179-183 The Phœnician Character of its Decoration 183 The Grave at Menidi 183 The Treasure-houses of the Pelopidæ 184 Tumuli 185 The Common Modes of Burial 186 Pyramids 186, 187 Primitive Fortifications. Tiryns 187 Mykenæ 188 Gateways and Portals 189-193 The Agora of Mykenæ 192