Of the personages associated with the under-world, _Hades_ is usually an elderly bearded deity of the Zeus type. He carries a sceptre, often with ornamented top, and sometimes from his Chthonian association with Dionysos holds a kantharos, vine-branch, or cornucopia. _Kerberos_ has three heads only on two Cacretan hydriae and the Apulian under-world vases; his usual number is two, but once or twice he has only one.[1953] _Hekate_ has torches for her customary attribute, and the _Furies_, who only occur on South Italian vases, wear short chitons with cross-belts and have rough hair, in which and round their arms serpents are intertwined. _Charon_ the ferryman is represented as an elderly man in short chiton and conical cap (cf. Fig. 122), but the grim Etruscan _Charun_ is a repulsive and savage hook-nosed demon, wielding a hammer. _Thanatos_ and _Hypnos_, the two Death-deities, are both winged men, but only the former is bearded (cf. Fig. 123); there is usually nothing forbidding in his appearance. The question of the representation of ghosts or souls (εἴδωλα) has been fully discussed (p. 72); most commonly they are diminutive winged figures, and in other cases they appear as in ordinary life,[1954] but possibly they sometimes appear in the form of birds.[1955] _Gaia_ is represented half rising out of the earth, a beautiful but not young woman, with long hair (Fig. 112); or, as Pandora, her head alone is seen (see p. 73). _Kybele_ occasionally appears, with her attendant lion, and an even rarer figure is _Asklepios_, with his serpent. The _Eileithyiae_, who attend at the birth of Athena, are ordinary women, distinguished by the appropriate gestures of their hands (Fig. 113). _Iris_, the female messenger of the gods, appears winged, with short chiton to allow of rapid movement, and carrying the caduceus or herald’s staff; _Hebe_, on the other hand, is an ordinary woman. _Nike_ is usually to be distinguished from Iris by her long flowing draperies, even when in flight; the various attributes usually associated with her have already been dealt with in detail (p. 87).[1956]