No History of Botany in English has ever been published, and it is to supply in some measure this want, long felt by English-speaking students, that this translation of Professor Sachs’ masterly sketch has been prepared. H. E. F. G. CONTENTS. FIRST BOOK. HISTORY OF MORPHOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION. 1530-1860. PAGE Introduction 3 CHAPTER I. The Botanists of Germany and the Netherlands from Brunfels to Caspar Bauhin, 1530-1623 13 CHAPTER II. Artificial Systems and Terminology of Organs from Cesalpino to Linnaeus, 1583-1760 37 CHAPTER III. Development of the Natural System under the Influence of the Dogma of the Constancy of Species, 1759-1850 108 CHAPTER IV. Morphology under the Influence of the Doctrine of Metamorphosis and of the Spiral Theory, 1790-1850 155 CHAPTER V. Morphology and Systematic Botany under the Influence of the History of Development and the knowledge of the Cryptogams, 1840-1860 182 SECOND BOOK. HISTORY OF VEGETABLE ANATOMY. 1671-1860. Introduction 219 CHAPTER I. Phytotomy founded by Malpighi and Grew, 1671-1682 229 CHAPTER II. Phytotomy in the Eighteenth Century 246 CHAPTER III. Examination of the Matured Framework of Cell-Membrane in Plants, 1800-1840 256 CHAPTER IV. History of Development of the Cell, Formation of Tissues, Molecular Structure of Organised Forms, 1840-1860 311 THIRD BOOK. HISTORY OF VEGETABLE PHYSIOLOGY. 1583-1860. Introduction 359 CHAPTER I. History of the Sexual Theory 1. From Aristotle to R. J. Camerarius 376 2. Establishment of the Doctrine of Sexuality in Plants by R. J. Camerarius, 1691-1694 385 3. Dissemination of the New Doctrine; its Adherents and Opponents, 1700-1760 390 4. The Theory of Evolution and Epigenesis 402 5. Further Development of the Sexual Theory by J. G. Koelreuter and Konrad Sprengel, 1761-1793 406