History of Embalming: and of Preparations in Anatomy, Pathology, and Natural History; Including an Account of a New Process for EmbalmingGannal, J.-N. (Jean-Nicolas)
History
History of Embalming: and of Preparations in Anatomy, Pathology, and Natural History; Including an Account of a New Process for Embalming
Gannal, J.-N. (Jean-Nicolas)
Anatomical specimens -- Collection and preservation; Embalming -- History; Mummies
[R] To have given the creosote a fair trial it should have been
injected undiluted with water; no one who has tried this curious
product will deny that it possesses the most powerful antiseptic
properties. I have used it formerly very successfully in my
dissecting rooms for purifying subjects dead of mortification, foul
ulcerations, or tainted by decomposition, especially the viscera. A
small quantity of the creosote passed over the surface of these with
a feather, immediately removes the fetid odours.--_Tr._
A solution of alum at eight degrees has succeeded better; but the flesh
becomes hardened, faded, and friable.
The mixture of alum, (acid sulphate of alumine, and potash,) two parts,
the chloride of sodium two parts, and of nitrate of potash one part,
dissolved in water, employed as a bath, has afforded the first good
results.
The acid phosphate of lime is the first substance which has been
employed in injection for subjects; this salt did not oppose the
movement of putrefaction.
The kidnies, injected with this salt, and immersed in the milk of lime,
became hardened at the surface and putrefied in the interior.
After this first part of the experiments of M. Gannal, it results that
the aluminous salts are those alone which succeed well in preserving
animal matters, and which may be used advantageously.
Alum, employed alone, preserves well, but for a short time; this salt,
slightly soluble in cold water, (fifteen degrees,) will not suffice as
an injection for the preservation of a body; it is indispensable to
immerse the body in a bath of the same salt.
The mixture of alum, salt, and nitre, as indicated in the provisionary
report, has not the same inconvenience; a subject injected with this
liquid, at ten or twelve degrees of density, may be preserved for more
than a month; but it is indispensable to immerse it, at least from time
to time, when it is desirable to prolong its preservation; that is to
say, for the entire winter; but at a temperature above fifteen degrees,
it is necessary to inject the liquid at a density of twenty-five or
thirty degrees, and, in order to obtain it, it requires to be heated at
least to forty degrees.
Several bodies injected with this liquid at ten degrees, on the 2d
of December, 1834, were well preserved until the end of April; other
subjects, injected on the 7th of August, but with the liquid at
twenty-five degrees of density, and at ten degrees of the thermometer,
were still, on the 10th of December, in good condition, whilst those
that were injected with a liquor of inferior density, did not resist
a temperature of twenty or twenty-five degrees, although they were
immersed in a bath denoting fifteen degrees. The bath of salted liquid
has, independently of the inconvenience of expense for the necessary
salts and the embarrassment of the tubes, which require frequent
renewal, the objection of hardening the skin, considerably.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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