History of Embalming: and of Preparations in Anatomy, Pathology, and Natural History; Including an Account of a New Process for Embalming — John Shaqi
History of Embalming: and of Preparations in Anatomy, Pathology, and Natural History; Including an Account of a New Process for EmbalmingGannal, J.-N. (Jean-Nicolas)
History
History of Embalming: and of Preparations in Anatomy, Pathology, and Natural History; Including an Account of a New Process for Embalming
Gannal, J.-N. (Jean-Nicolas)
Anatomical specimens -- Collection and preservation; Embalming -- History; Mummies
After so precise a description, I hoped to make something out of this
process; but nevertheless, I must confess, that after having repeated
these experiments with the greatest care, I was no more successful in
my trials than Mr. Geoffroy was in 1731; only I have proved that, when
bodies are prepared according to my process, and afterwards plunged
into turpentine, they preserve a remarkable freshness and suppleness.
After much reflection upon this subject, I have come to the conclusion,
that Ruysh and Swammerdam have never made known but a part of their
system of preservations, and that, previously to immersing the body
in either of the two liquids of which we have spoken, they subjected
them to some preparation. In fine, those very authors who boast of
the admirable perfection of their processes, have not left a single
preparation to show as an example to justify their praises; and, as
a proof of their exaggeration, we have the testimony of an author
(_Penicher_) profoundly versed in this matter. “Those authors,” says
he, “who boast of having embalmed without emptying the great cavities,
and by confining themselves to injections by the mouth, by the anus, or
by holes made in the armpits, would be embarrassed to show satisfactory
results from such superficial embalming; for, sooner or later, these
nuisances will overcome all the embalmer’s industry, and all the
expense he may have been at to conquer a bad impression. Could there
exist a more singular proof of this, than what happened a few years
ago in the church of R. R. P. P., respecting the body of a lady of
first quality? The corpse had been placed in a leaden coffin, and
enclosed in another of wood, and placed within a marble mausoleum well
cemented; after which, in order to fulfil the will, it was embalmed,
and enveloped in two hundred pounds of aromatics and perfumes; two
kegs of aromatic spirits of wine were introduced through an opening,
so that the body was completely submerged in it. Nevertheless, at
the end of twelve years or thereabout, it produced so dangerous and
malignant a stench through the cracks which occurred in the coffin, by
the expansion of the drugs, that one of the priests, who chanced at
the time to be saying mass in his chapel, fell extremely ill from this
cause, and the assistants were obliged to withdraw, being unable to
support the effluvia.
“The priests were under the necessity of exhuming the body, with the
consent of the archbishop, and family of the deceased; they removed it
to the garden, placed it in a ditch, and covered it with quick-lime,
which not destroying the flesh, composed of oily, sulphurous, and
resinous parts, it was found necessary to remove the flesh from the
body, in order to replace the skeleton in the mausoleum; to such a
degree did the bad qualities of the entrails and viscera, corrupted by
disease, surpass the good qualities of the balms.”
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