History of Embalming: and of Preparations in Anatomy, Pathology, and Natural History; Including an Account of a New Process for EmbalmingGannal, J.-N. (Jean-Nicolas)
History
History of Embalming: and of Preparations in Anatomy, Pathology, and Natural History; Including an Account of a New Process for Embalming
Gannal, J.-N. (Jean-Nicolas)
Anatomical specimens -- Collection and preservation; Embalming -- History; Mummies
“The bodies exposed to view at Bordeaux, in the cavern situated beneath
the tower of Saint Michel, were deposited there in 1793, nearly in
the same state in which they appear at present, they came from the
sepulchres of the church and the adjoining cemetery. A great number
of bones, and the wreck of soft parts, dried and preserved like the
whole bodies, form a layer of seventeen or eighteen feet, upon which
are supported the inferior extremities of seventy subjects, arranged in
a circle around the wall, and retained in a vertical position by the
cords which bind them. Some of these, they say, had remained in the
earth many centuries, others from sixty to eighty years or more.
“During our visit, 25th August, 1837, we determined to examine with
care the state of these bodies, those of the middle, where they had
remained for more than forty years, and above all, we procured strips
of skin and muscle, in order to examine them at leisure, and to submit
them to some chemical re-agent, which might reveal to us the presence
of the preservative element. We could not hope to collect any of the
earth that had originally covered them, since they were superposed on
remnants thrown into this place at the time they were enclosed here.
“After having furnished ourselves with a thermometer at 24° R., and a
hygrometer at 34°, both in the open air, we descended thirty or forty
steps, which conducted us to the cave. The coolness did not appear to
us very striking, as it commonly is at this depth during the heat of
the dog-star. Placing our instruments on the soil, we proceeded to
examine the bodies.
“It is an extraordinary aspect, by lamp-light, offered by this circular
space, the walls of which are tapistried by dead bodies all standing
erect; the eye wanders from one to the other involuntarily, and we
view the whole before confining ourselves to details. Although the
most of them are in the attitude of the buried dead, some differences
in size, in the position and expression of the physiognomy, produce a
strange and confused impression. There is one point, however, where
our regards were particularly attracted, where the heart is chilled
and troubled with deep emotion--here is beheld a miserable creature
in a position violently contracted--the mouth open and horribly
contracted, the inferior members strongly drawn to the body--the arms,
one twisted by convulsions is thrown over the head, the other folded
beneath the trunk, and fixed to the thigh by the nails, which are
deeply implanted in the flesh; the forced inflexion of the whole body,
gives the expression of ineffable pain, all announcing a violent death.
Unfortunate wretch! had he died in this state, or rather, had he been
buried alive, and assumed this position in the horrible agonies of
awakening?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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