History of Embalming: and of Preparations in Anatomy, Pathology, and Natural History; Including an Account of a New Process for EmbalmingGannal, J.-N. (Jean-Nicolas)
History
History of Embalming: and of Preparations in Anatomy, Pathology, and Natural History; Including an Account of a New Process for Embalming
Gannal, J.-N. (Jean-Nicolas)
Anatomical specimens -- Collection and preservation; Embalming -- History; Mummies
Thus, on the assertion of Gabriel Clauder, they saw in the time of
St. Augustin, the bodies of Alexander, and of Ptolemy; their tomb has
been visited for many ages, and they were enabled to distinguish the
skin preserved with the members. But, continued they, all bodies do
not resemble that of Alexander the Great, which was during his life,
according to the report of Plutarch, and of Quintus Curtius, of a
composition so rare and wonderful, that his skin, mouth, and all his
person, rendered a very agreeable odour, and perfumed his clothes.
It is said that his corpse, by the negligence of his friends and of
his captains, remained several days without being embalmed, and that,
nevertheless, when they went to visit it, it was found sound, without
blemish, having even the complexion as fresh and florid as if he had
been living, although he died of a continued fever: his appearance was
so natural that the Egyptians and Chaldeans, who were charged to embalm
him after their own manner, were at first afraid to approach him,
thinking he might not be dead.
Such marvellous accounts are not sufficiently in harmony with the
rigorous course which we have thus far followed, to induce us seriously
to discuss them; we confine ourselves to the statement of each down to
our own day, where well established facts will offer ample matter for
reflection.
The Jewish people, who, like others, testified their respect for the
dead, never admit the care of embalming the body as a common usage.
Thus, Abraham purchased the field where Sarah was buried; Joseph had
the body of his father magnificently embalmed; Moses only carried away
the bones of Joseph; David praised the people of Gilead, for having
buried with pomp Saul and his sons, &c. In most of these examples, no
mention is made of embalming; nevertheless, the body of Jesus Christ
was embalmed.
The following is nearly the method: each sex took care of its dead;
they, first of all, close the mouth and eyes of the expired person,
afterwards they shaved, washed, and rubbed it with perfumes; they tied
it with bands, and buried it in several cloths of very fine linen
or woollen, and finally, they put it into the sepulchre. Cornelius
Jansenius thinks that the myrrh and aloes which they employed, had
the virtue powerfully to resist putrefaction. It is useless to say
that this opinion is without foundation; that the great quantities of
aromatics which they consumed, was rather for pomp, than for the long
preservation of the subject. They took no pains to dry the body; they
did not disembarrass it of the intestines, and, in spite of all these
odoriferous drugs, as Penicher justly remarks, decomposition must soon
have revealed itself, as was testified by the body of Lazarus when
resuscitated.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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