History of English Literature from "Beowulf" to SwinburneLang, Andrew
History
History of English Literature from "Beowulf" to Swinburne
Lang, Andrew
English literature -- History and criticism
At Norwich in the Cathedral the Puritans publicly destroyed and burned
all works of art (including the organ), which they were pleased to
regard as monuments of idolatry: a bitter sight for Browne. "I have
no genius to dispute in religion," says he. As for "sturdy doubts and
boisterous objections, wherewith the unhappiness of our knowledge too
nearly acquainteth us, more of these no man hath known than myself;
which I confess I conquered, not in a martial posture, but on my
knees". In that world of frenzied pamphleteers, "hating each other
for the love of God," the charm and fragrance of Browne's style, the
"_peace! peace!_" which, like Falkland, he "ingeminates," his refined
humour, and smiling pitying sympathy, and curiosity about all things
knowable, made his book delightful; and delightful to readers tolerant
of exquisiteness in manner the "Religio Medici" can never cease to be.
We are astonished, to-day, as much by the things which Browne knows,
or believes, as by those which he does not know and does not believe.
"I do now know that there are witches" has a surprise in it, but
what does he precisely mean by "witches"? "I think at first a great
part of philosophy" (science) "was witchcraft." Here he agrees with
modern writers who regard magic as an early and uninstructed sort of
science. He believes in guardian angels, but his "metaphysics of them
are very shallow," and, in modern terms, what he believes in is "the
subconscious self". As for hell, "the heart of a man is the place the
devils dwell in... Lucifer keeps his court in my breast. Legion is
revived in me."
In short this good physician is a mystic: "we must therefore say that
there is something in us that is not in the jurisdiction of Morpheus...
we are somewhat more than ourselves in our sleep; and the slumbering of
the body seems to be but the wakening of the soul!" a very old belief
of the Greeks.
In "Pseudodoxia Epidemica," "Vulgar Errors" (1646), Browne's manner
somewhat resembles that of Burton, but his medley of strange stories,
scientific, pseudo-scientific, or plainly superstitious, is even more
entertaining and much more carefully and artfully written than "The
Anatomy of Melancholy". He consciously aims at harmony and balance of
style, and at selecting the right word (_le mot propre_), while he
ranges over all ancient knowledge and modern fable. "Many and false
conceptions there are of mandrakes," and Browne thinks but little of
them, and less of the false etymologies from which his age had not
delivered itself. He is engaged, like the scholar in Lytton's novel
"The Caxtons," on a "History of Human Error," and with his humour,
sympathy, learning, and irony, he makes a most entertaining book.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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