History of English Literature Volume 1 (of 3)Taine, Hippolyte
History
History of English Literature Volume 1 (of 3)
Taine, Hippolyte
English literature -- History and criticism
Many elderly ladies throw themselves into such affections as these for
lack of others. Elderly! what an objectionable word have I employed! She
was not elderly:
"Ful semely hire wimple ypinched was,
Hire nose tretis; hire eyen grey as glas;
Hire mouth ful smale, and therto soft and red;
But sikerly she hadde a fayre forehed.
It was almost a spanne brode I trowe;
For hardily she was not undergrowe.
Ful fetise was hire cloke, as I was ware.
Of small corall aboute hire arm she bare
A pair of bedes, gauded al with grene;
And thereon heng a broche of gold ful shene,
On whiche was first ywritten a crouned A,
And after, Amor vincit omnia."[241]
A pretty ambiguous device, suitable either for gallantry or devotion;
the lady was both of the world and the cloister: of the world, you may
see it in her dress; of the cloister, you gather it from "another Nonne
also with hire hadde she, that was hire chapelleine, and Preestes thre";
from the Ave Maria which she sings, the long edifying stories which she
relates. She is like a fresh, sweet, and ruddy cherry, made to ripen in
the sun, but which, preserved in an ecclesiastical jar, has become
candied and insipid in the syrup.
Such is the power of reflection which begins to dawn, such the high art.
Chaucer studies here, rather than aims at amusement; he ceases to
gossip, and thinks; instead of surrendering himself to the facility of
flowing improvisation, he plans. Each tale is suited to the teller; the
young squire relates a fantastic and Oriental history; the tipsy miller
a loose and comical story; the honest clerk the touching legend of
Griselda. All these tales are bound together, and that much better than
by Boccaccio, by little veritable incidents, which spring from the
characters of the personages, and such as we light upon in our travels.
The horsemen ride on in good humor, in the sunshine, in the open
country; they converse. The miller has drunk too much ale, and will
speak, "and for no man forbere." The cook goes to sleep on his beast,
and they play practical jokes on him. The monk and the summoner getup a
dispute about their respective lines of business. The host restores
peace, makes them speak or be silent, like a man who has long presided
in the inn parlor, and who has often had to check brawlers. They pass
judgment on the stories they listen to: declaring that there are few
Griseldas in the world; laughing at the misadventures of the tricked
carpenter; drawing a lesson from the moral tale. The poem is no longer,
as in the contemporary literature, a mere procession, but a painting in
which the contrasts are arranged, the attitudes chosen, the general
effect calculated, so that it becomes life and motion; we forget
ourselves at the sight, as in the case of every lifelike work; and we
long to get on horseback on a fine sunny morning, and canter along green
meadows with the pilgrims to the shrine of the good saint of Canterbury.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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