History of English Literature Volume 3 (of 3)Taine, Hippolyte
History
History of English Literature Volume 3 (of 3)
Taine, Hippolyte
English literature -- History and criticism
But these rages and aspirations did not last long; and at the end of a
few years, the three, brought back into the-pale of Church and State,
became, Coleridge, a Pittite journalist, Wordsworth, a distributor of
stamps, and Southey, poet-laureate; all zealous converts, decided
Anglicans, and intolerant Conservatives. In point of taste, however,
they had advanced, not retired. They had violently broken with
tradition, and leaped over all classical culture to take their models
from the Renaissance and the Middle Ages. One of their friends, Charles
Lamb, like Saint-Beuve, had discovered and restored the sixteenth
century. The most unpolished dramatists, like Marlowe, seemed to these
men admirable; and they sought in the collections of Percy and Warton,
in the old national ballads and ancient poetry of foreign lands, the
fresh and primitive accent which had been wanting in classical
literature, and whose presence seemed to them to be a sign of truth and
beauty. Above every other reform, they labored to destroy the grand
aristocratical and oratorical style, such as it sprang from methodical
analyses and court polish. They proposed to adapt to poetry the ordinary
language of conversation, such as is spoken in the middle and lower
classes, and to replace studied phrases and a lofty vocabulary by
natural tones and plebeian words. In place of the classical mould, they
tried stanzas, sonnets, ballads, blank verse, with the roughness and
subdivisions of the primitive poets. They adopted or arranged the metres
and diction of the thirteenth and sixteenth centuries. Charles Lamb
wrote an archaic tragedy, "John Woodvil," which we might fancy to have
been written during Elizabeth's reign. Others, like Southey, and
Coleridge, in particular, manufactured totally new rhythms, as happy at
times, and at times also as unfortunate, as those of Victor Hugo: for
instance, a verse in which accents, and not syllables, were
counted;[110] a singular medley of confused attempts, manifest
abortions, and original inventions. The plebeian having doffed the
aristocratical costume, sought another; borrowed one piece of his dress
from the knights or the barbarians, another from peasants or
journalists, not too critical of incongruities, pretentious and
satisfied with his motley and badly sewn cloak, till at last, after many
attempts and many rents, he ended by knowing himself, and selecting the
dress that fitted him.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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