History of English Literature Volume 3 (of 3)Taine, Hippolyte
History
History of English Literature Volume 3 (of 3)
Taine, Hippolyte
English literature -- History and criticism
"Life, I repeat, is energy of love
Divine or human; exercised in pain,
In strife and tribulation; and ordained,
If so approved and sanctified, to pass
Through shades and silent rest to endless joy."[135]
The verses sustain these serious thoughts by their grave harmony, as a
motet accompanies meditation or prayer. They resemble the grand and
monotonous music of the organ, which in the eventide, at the close of
the service, rolls slowly in the twilight of arches and pillars.
When a certain phase of human intelligence comes to light, it does so
from all sides; there is no part where it does not appear, no instinct
which it does not renew. It enters simultaneously the two opposite
camps, and seems to undo with one hand what it has made with the other.
If it is, as it was formerly, the oratorical style, we find it at the
same time in the service of cynical misanthropy, and in that of decorous
humanity, in Swift and in Addison. If it is, as now, the philosophical
spirit, it produces at once conservative harangues and socialistic
utopias, Wordsworth and Shelley.[136] The latter, one of the greatest
poets of the age, son of a rich baronet, beautiful as an angel, of
extraordinary precocity, gentle, generous, tender, overflowing with all
the gifts of heart, mind, birth, and fortune, marred his life, as it
were, wantonly, by allowing his conduct to be guided by an enthusiastic
imagination which he should have kept for his verses. From his birth he
had "the vision" of sublime beauty and happiness; and the contemplation
of an ideal world set him in arms against the real. Having refused at
Eton to be a fag of the big boys, he was treated by boys and masters
with a revolting cruelty; suffered himself to be made a martyr, refused
to obey, and, falling back into forbidden studies, began to form the
most immoderate and most poetical dreams. He judged society by the
oppression which he underwent, and man by the generosity which he felt
in himself; thought that man was good, and society bad, and that it was
only necessary to suppress established institutions to make earth "a
paradise." He became a republican, a communist, preached fraternity,
love, even abstinence from flesh, and as a means the abolition of kings,
priests, and God.[137] We can fancy the indignation which such ideas
roused in a society so obstinately attached to established order--so
intolerant, in which, above the conservative and religious instincts,
Cant spoke like a master. Shelley was expelled from the university; his
father refused to see him; the Lord Chancellor, by a decree took from
him, as being unworthy, the custody of his two children; finally, he was
obliged to quit England. I forgot to say that at eighteen he married a
young girl of inferior rank, that they separated, that she committed
suicide, that he undermined his health by his excitement and
suffering,[138] and that to the end of his life he was nervous or ill.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account