History of European Morals From Augustus to Charlemagne (Vol. 2 of 2)Lecky, William Edward Hartpole
Philosophy
History of European Morals From Augustus to Charlemagne (Vol. 2 of 2)
Lecky, William Edward Hartpole
Ethics; Europe -- Moral conditions
Erasmus was the special protector of oxen, and they knelt down voluntarily
before his shrine. St. Antony was the protector of hogs, who were usually
introduced into his pictures. St. Bridget kept pigs, and a wild boar came
from the forest to subject itself to her rule. A horse foreshadowed by its
lamentations the death of St. Columba. The three companions of St. Colman
were a cock, a mouse, and a fly. The cock announced the hour of devotion,
the mouse bit the ear of the drowsy saint till he got up, and if in the
course of his studies he was afflicted by any wandering thoughts, or
called away to other business, the fly alighted on the line where he had
left off, and kept the place. Legends, not without a certain whimsical
beauty, described the moral qualities existing in animals. A hermit was
accustomed to share his supper with a wolf, which, one evening entering
the cell before the return of the master, stole a loaf of bread. Struck
with remorse, it was a week before it ventured again to visit the cell,
and when it did so, its head hung down, and its whole demeanour manifested
the most profound contrition. The hermit “stroked with a gentle hand its
bowed down head,” and gave it a double portion as a token of forgiveness.
A lioness knelt down with lamentations before another saint, and then led
him to its cub, which was blind, but which received its sight at the
prayer of the saint. Next day the lioness returned, bearing the skin of a
wild beast as a mark of its gratitude. Nearly the same thing happened to
St. Macarius of Alexandria; a hyena knocked at his door, brought its
young, which was blind, and which the saint restored to sight, and repaid
the obligation soon afterwards by bringing a fleece of wool. “O hyena!”
said the saint, “how did you obtain this fleece? you must have stolen and
eaten a sheep.” Full of shame, the hyena hung its head down, but persisted
in offering its gift, which, however, the holy man refused to receive till
the hyena “had sworn” to cease for the future to rob. The hyena bowed its
head in token of its acceptance of the oath, and St. Macarius afterwards
gave the fleece to St. Melania. Other legends simply speak of the sympathy
between saints and the irrational world. The birds came at the call of St.
Cuthbert, and a dead bird was resuscitated by his prayer. When St.
Aengussius, in felling wood, had cut his hand, the birds gathered round,
and with loud cries lamented his misfortune. A little bird, struck down
and mortally wounded by a hawk, fell at the feet of St. Kieranus, who shed
tears as he looked upon its torn breast, and offered up a prayer, upon
which the bird was instantly healed.(377)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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