The lyric poet Bacchylidês (ap. Schol. Aristoph. Aves, 1535)
seems to have handled the story even earlier than Sophoklês.
We find the same allegation embodied in charges against real
historical men: the invective of Montanus against Aquilius
Regulus, at the beginning of the reign of Vespasian, affirmed,
“datam interfectori Pisonis pecuniam a Regulo, appetitumque morsu
Pisonis caput” (Tacit. Hist. iv. 42).
[653] Apollodôr. iii. 6, 8. Pindar, Olymp. vi. 11; Nem. ix.
13-27. Pausan. ix. 8, 2; 18, 2-4.
Euripidês, in the Phœnissæ (1122 _seqq._), describes the battle
generally; see also Æsch. S. Th. 392. It appears by Pausanias
that the Thêbans had poems or legends of their own, relative
to this war: they dissented in various points from the Cyclic
Thêbaïs (ix. 18, 4). The Thêbaïs said that Periklymenus had
killed Parthenopæus; the Thêbans assigned this exploit to
Asphodikus, a warrior not commemorated by any of the poets known
to us.
The village of Harma, between Tanagra and Mykalêssus, was
affirmed by some to have been the spot where Amphiaräus closed
his life (Strabo, ix. p. 404): Sophoklês placed the scene at the
Amphiaræium near Orôpus (ap Strabon. ix. p. 399).
[654] Pindar, Olymp. vi. 16. Ἕπτα δ᾽ ἔπειτα πυρᾶν νέκρων
τελεσθέντων Ταλαϊονίδας Εἶπεν ἐν Θήβαισι τοιοῦτόν τι ἔπος· Ποθέω
στρατιᾶς ὀφθαλμὸν ἐμᾶς Ἀμφότερον, μάντιν τ᾽ ἀγαθὸν καὶ δουρὶ
μάχεσθαι.
The scholiast affirms that these last expressions are borrowed by
Pindar from the Cyclic Thêbaïs.
The temple of Amphiaräus (Pausan. ii. 23, 2), his oracle,
seems to have been inferior in estimation only to that of
Delphi (Herodot. i. 52; Pausan. i. 34; Cicero, Divin. i. 40).
Crœsus sent a rich present to Amphiaräus, πυθόμενος αὐτοῦ
τήν τε ἀρετὴν καὶ τὴν πάθην (Herod. l. c); a striking proof
how these interesting legends were recounted and believed as
genuine historical facts. Other adventures of Amphiaräus in the
expedition against Thêbes were commemorated in the carvings on
the Thronus at Amyklæ (Pausan. iii. 18, 4).
Æschylus (Sept. Theb. 611) seems to enter into the Thêban view,
doubtless highly respectful towards Amphiaräus, when he places in
the mouth of the Kadmeian king Eteoklês such high encomiums on
Amphiaräus, and so marked a contrast with the other chiefs from
Argos.
Adrastus, thus deprived of the prophet and warrior whom he regarded as
“the eye of his army,” and having seen the other chiefs killed in the
disastrous fight, was forced to take flight singly, and was preserved
by the matchless swiftness of his horse Areiôn, the offspring of
Poseidôn. He reached Argos on his return, bringing with him nothing
except “his garments of woe and his black-maned steed.”[655]
[655] Pausan. viii. 25, 5, from the Cyclic Thêbaïs, Εἵματα λυγρὰ
φέρων σὺν Ἀρείονι κυανοχαίτῃ; also Apollodôr. iii. 6, 8.
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