The son of Hyllus—Kleodæus—as well as his grandson Aristomachus, were
now dead, and the lineage of Hêraklês was represented by the three
sons of the latter,—Têmenus, Kresphontês, and Aristodêmus, and under
their conduct the Dorians penetrated into the peninsula. The mythical
account traced back this intimate union between the Herakleids and
the Dorians to a prior war, in which Hêraklês himself had rendered
inestimable aid to the Dorian king Ægimius, when the latter was
hard pressed in a contest with the Lapithæ. Hêraklês defeated the
Lapithæ, and slew their king Korônus; in return for which Ægimius
assigned to his deliverer one third part of his whole territory, and
adopted Hyllus as his son. Hêraklês desired that the territory thus
made over might be held in reserve until a time should come when his
descendants might stand in need of it; and that time did come, after
the death of Hyllus, (see Chap. V.) Some of the Herakleids then found
shelter at Trikorythus in Attica, but the remainder, turning their
steps towards Ægimius, solicited from him the allotment of land which
had been promised to their valiant progenitor. Ægimius received them
according to his engagement, and assigned to them the stipulated
third portion of his territory:[2] and from this moment the
Herakleids and Dorians became intimately united together into one
social communion. Pamphylus and Dymas, sons of Ægimius, accompanied
Têmenus and his two brothers in their invasion of Peloponnêsus.
[2] Diodôr. iv. 37-60; Apollodôr. ii. 7, 7; Ephorus ap. Steph.
Byz. Δυμᾶν, Fragm. 10, ed. Marx.
The Doric institutions are called by Pindar τεθμοὶ Αἰγιμίου
Δωρικοί (Pyth. i. 124).
There existed an ancient epic poem, now lost, but cited on
some few occasions by authors still preserved, under the title
Αἰγίμιος; the authorship being sometimes ascribed to Hesiod,
sometimes to Kerkops (Athenæ. xi. p. 503). The few fragments
which remain do not enable us to make out the scheme of it,
inasmuch as they embrace different mythical incidents lying
very wide of each other,—Iô, the Argonauts, Pêleus, and Thetis,
etc. But the name which it bears seems to imply that the war
of Ægimius against the Lapithæ, and the aid given to him by
Hêraklês, was one of its chief topics. Both O. Müller (History of
the Dorians, vol. i. b. 1, c. 8) and Welcker (Der Epische Kyklus,
p. 263) appear to me to go beyond the very scanty evidence which
we possess, in their determination of this last poem; compare
Marktscheffel, Præfat. Hesiod. Fragm. cap. 5, p. 159.
Such is the mythical incident which professes to explain the origin
of those three tribes into which all the Dorian communities were
usually divided,—the Hyllêis, the Pamphyli, and the Dymanes,—the
first of the three including certain particular families, such as
that of the kings of Sparta, who bore the special name of Herakleids.
Hyllus, Pamphylus, and Dymas are the eponymous heroes of the three
Dorian tribes.
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