Mr. Clinton here treats, more than once, the revolt of the
Medes as fixed to the year 711 B. C. _by Scripture_; but he
produces no passage of Scripture to justify his allegation: and
the passage which he cites from Josephus alludes, not to the
Median revolt, but to the destruction of the Assyrian empire by
the Medes. Herodotus represents the Medes as revolting from the
Assyrian empire, and maintaining their independence for some time
(undefined in extent) before the election of Dêïokês as king;
but he gives us no means of determining the date of the _Median
revolt_; and when Mr. Clinton says (p. 280, Note O.): “I suppose
Herodotus to place the revolt of the Medes in Olymp. 17, 2, since
he places the accession of Dêïokês in Olymp. 17, 3,”—this is
a conjecture of his own: and the narrative of Herodotus seems
plainly to imply that he conceived an interval far greater than
one year between these two events. Diodorus gives the same
interval as lasting “for many generations.” (Diod. ii, 32.)
We know—both from Scripture and from the Phœnician annals, as
cited by Josephus—that the Assyrians of Nineveh were powerful
conquerors in Syria, Judæa, and Phœnicia, during the reigns of
Salmaneser and Sennacherib: the statement of Josephus farther
implies that Media was subject to Salmaneser, who took the
Israelites from their country into Media and Persis, and brought
the Cuthæans out of Media and Persis into the lands of the
Israelites (Joseph. ix, 14, 1; x, 9, 7). We know farther, that
after Sennacherib, the Assyrians of Nineveh are no more mentioned
as invaders or disturbers of Syria or Judæa; the Chaldæans or
Babylonians become then the enemies whom those countries have
to dread. Josephus tells us, that at this epoch the Assyrian
empire was destroyed by the Medes,—or, as he says in another
place, by the Medes and Babylonians (x, 2, 2; x, 5, 1). This is
good evidence for believing that the Assyrian empire of Nineveh
sustained at this time a great shock and diminution of power;
but as to the nature of this diminution, and the way in which it
was brought about, it appears to me that there is a discrepancy
of authorities which we have no means of reconciling,—Josephus
follows the same view as Ktêsias, of the destruction of the
empire of Nineveh by the Medes and Babylonians united, while
Herodotus conceives successive revolts of the territories
dependent upon Nineveh, beginning with that of the Medes, and
still leaving Nineveh flourishing and powerful in its own
territory: he farther conceives Nineveh as taken by Kyaxarês
the Mede, about the year 600 B. C., without any mention of
Babylonians,—on the contrary, in his representation, Nitokris the
queen of Babylon is afraid of the Medes (i, 185), partly from
the general increase of their power, but especially from their
having taken Nineveh (though Mr. Clinton tells us, p. 275, that
“Nineveh was destroyed B. C.
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