Of the war which Kleisthenês helped to conduct against Kirrha, for
the protection of the Delphian temple, I shall speak in another
place. His death and the cessation of his dynasty seem to have
occurred about 650 B. C., as far as the chronology can be made
out.[50] That he was put down by the Spartans, as K. F. Hermann,
O. Müller, and Dr. Thirlwall suppose,[51] can be hardly admitted
consistently with the narrative of Herodotus, who mentions the
continuance of the insulting names imposed by him upon the Dorian
tribes for many years after his death. Now, had the Spartans forcibly
interfered for the suppression of his dynasty, we may reasonably
presume that, even if they did not restore the decided preponderance
of the Dorians in Sikyôn, they would at least have rescued the
Dorian tribes from this obvious ignominy. But it seems doubtful
whether Kleisthenês had any son: and the extraordinary importance
attached to the marriage of his daughter, Agaristê, whom he bestowed
upon the Athenian Megaklês of the great family of Alkmæônidæ, seems
rather to evince that she was an heiress,—not to his power, but to
his wealth. There can be no doubt as to the fact of that marriage,
from which was born the Athenian leader Kleisthenês, afterwards the
author of the great democratical revolution at Athens after the
expulsion of the Peisistratidæ; but the lively and amusing details
with which Herodotus has surrounded it, bear much more the stamp of
romance than of reality. Dressed up, apparently, by some ingenious
Athenian, as a compliment to the Alkmæonid lineage of his city, which
comprised both Kleisthenês and Periklês, the narrative commemorates
a marriage-rivalry between that lineage and another noble Athenian
house, and at the same time gives a mythical explanation of a phrase
seemingly proverbial at Athens—“_Hippokleides don’t care._”[52]
[50] The chronology of Orthagoras and his dynasty is perplexing.
The commemorative offering of Myron at Olympia is marked for 648
B. C., and this must throw back the beginning of Orthagoras to a
period between 680-670. Then we are told by Aristotle that the
entire dynasty lasted one hundred years; but it must have lasted,
probably, somewhat longer, for the death of Kleisthenês can
hardly be placed earlier than 560 B. C. The war against Kirrha
(595 B. C.) and the Pythian victory (582 B. C.) fall within his
reign: but the marriage of his daughter Agaristê with Megaklês
can hardly be put earlier than 570 B. C., if so high; for
Kleisthenês the Athenian, the son of that marriage, effected the
democratical revolution at Athens in 509 or 508 B. C.: whether
the daughter, whom Megaklês gave in marriage to Peisistratus
about 554 B. C., was also the offspring of that marriage, as
Larcher contends, we do not know.
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