TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE * Italics are denoted by underscores as in _italics_. * Small caps are represented in upper case as in SMALL CAPS. * Letter spaced Greek text is enclosed in tildes as in ~καὶ τὰ λοιπά~. * Footnotes have been renumbered. Each footnote is placed at the end of the paragraph that includes its anchor. * Obvious printer errors have been silently corrected, after comparison with a later edition of this work. Greek text has also been corrected after checking with this later edition and with Perseus, when the reference was found. * Original spelling, hyphenation and punctuation have been kept, but variant spellings were made consistent when a predominant usage was found. * Nevetherless, no attempt has been made at normalizing proper names (i.e. Ægæan and Ægean, Æschines and Æschinês, Alkibiades and Alkibiadês, Andokides and Andokidês, Aristeides and Aristeidês, Boedromion and Boëdromion, Chalkiœkos and Chalkiœkus, Deinomenes and Deinomenês, Deïphonus and Dêiphonus, Demosthenes and Demosthenês, Inaros and Inarôs, Isokrates and Isokratês, Kephallenia and Kephallênia, Miltiades and Miltiadês, Mykenæ and Mykênæ, Pegæ and Pêgæ, Sestus and Sestos, Thucydides and Thucydidês, Xenophon and Xenophôn, etc.). The author established at the beginning of the first volume of this work some rules of transcription for proper names, but neither he nor his publisher follow them consistently. HISTORY OF GREECE. BY GEORGE GROTE, ESQ. VOL. V. REPRINTED FROM THE LONDON EDITION. NEW YORK: HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS 329 AND 331 PEARL STREET. 1857. PREFACE TO VOL. V. VOLUMES V AND VI. FROM THE BATTLE OF MARATHON TO THE PEACE OF NIKIAS. B. C. 490-421. I had reckoned upon carrying my readers in these two volumes down to the commencement of the great Athenian expedition against Syracuse. But the narration of events, now that we are under the positive guidance of Thucydidês,—coupled with the exposition of some points on which I differ from the views generally taken by my predecessors,— have occupied greater space than I had foreseen: and I have been obliged to enlarge my Sixth Volume beyond the usual size, in order to arrive even at the Peace of Nikias. The interval of disturbance and partial hostility, which ensued between that peace and the Athenian expedition, will therefore be reserved for the beginning of my Seventh Volume, the publication of which will not be long delayed. G. G. Dec. 1848. CONTENTS. VOL. V. PART II. CONTINUATION OF HISTORICAL GREECE. CHAPTER XXXVIII. FROM THE BATTLE OF MARATHON TO THE MARCH OF XERXES AGAINST GREECE.