Compare the account given in Pausanias (x, 23) of the subsequent
repulse of Brennus and the Gauls from Delphi: in his account, the
repulse is not so exclusively the work of the gods as in that of
Herodotus: there is a larger force of human combatants in defence
of the temple, though greatly assisted by divine intervention:
there is also loss on both sides. A similar descent of crags from
the summit is mentioned.
See for the description of the road by which the Persians
marched, and the extreme term of their progress, Ulrichs, Reisen
und Forschungen in Griechenland, ch. iv, p. 46; ch. x, p. 146.
Many great blocks of stone and cliff are still to be seen near
the spot, which have rolled down from the top, and which remind
the traveller of these passages.
The attack here described to have been made by order of Xerxes
upon the Delphian temple, seems not easy to reconcile with
the words of Mardonius, Herodot. ix, 42: still less can it be
reconciled with the statement of Plutarch (Numa, c. 9), who says
that the Delphian temple was burnt by the Medes.
Four months had elapsed since the departure from Asia when Xerxes
reached Athens, the last term of his advance. He brought with him
the members of the Peisistratid family, who doubtless thought their
restoration already certain,—and a few Athenian exiles attached to
their interest. Though the country was altogether deserted, the
handful of men collected in the acropolis ventured to defy him: nor
could all the persuasions of the Peisistratids, eager to preserve
the holy place from pillage, induce them to surrender.[230] The
Athenian acropolis,—a craggy rock rising abruptly about one hundred
and fifty feet, with a flat summit of about one thousand feet
long from east to west, by five hundred feet broad from north to
south,—had no practicable access except on the western side:[231]
moreover, in all parts where there seemed any possibility of climbing
up, it was defended by the ancient fortification called the Pelasgic
wall. Obliged to take the place by force, the Persian army was posted
around the northern and western sides, and commenced their operations
from the eminence immediately adjoining on the northwest, called
Areopagus:[232] from whence they bombarded, if we may venture upon
the expression, with hot missiles, the woodwork before the gates;
that is, they poured upon it multitudes of arrows with burning tow
attached to them. The wooden palisades and boarding presently took
fire and were consumed: but when the Persians tried to mount to the
assault by the western road leading up to the gate, the undaunted
little garrison still kept them at bay, having provided vast stones,
which they rolled down upon them in the ascent. For a time the Great
King seemed likely to be driven to the slow process of blockade; but
at length some adventurous men among the besiegers tried to scale the
precipitous rock before them on its northern side, hard by the temple
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