On board the Trœzenian vessel, which was the first to be captured,
they found a soldier named Leon, of imposing stature: this man was
immediately taken to the ship’s head and slain, as a presaging omen
in the approaching contest: perhaps, observes the historian, his name
may have contributed to determine his fate.[144] The ten Persian
ships advanced no farther than the dangerous rock Myrmêx, between
Skiathos and the mainland, which had been made known to them by a
Greek navigator of Skyros, and on which they erected a pillar to
serve as warning for the coming fleet. Still, so intense was the
alarm which their presence—communicated by fire-signals[145] from
Skiathos, and strengthened by the capture of the three look-out
ships—inspired to the fleet at Artemisium, that they actually
abandoned their station, believing that the entire fleet of the enemy
was at hand.[146] They sailed up the Eubœan strait to Chalkis, as the
narrowest and most defensible passage; leaving scouts on the high
lands to watch the enemy’s advance.
[144] Herodot. vii, 180. τάχα δ’ ἄν τι καὶ τοῦ ὀνόματος ἐπαύροιτο.
Respecting the influence of a name and its etymology, in this
case unhappy for the possessor, compare Herodot. ix, 91; and
Tacit. Hist. iv, 53.
[145] For the employment of fire-signals, compare Livy, xxviii,
5; and the opening of the Agamemnon of Æschylus, and the same
play, v. 270, 300; also Thucydides, iii, 22-80.
[146] Herodot. vii, 181, 182, 183.
Probably this sudden retreat was forced upon the generals by the
panic of their troops, similar to that which king Leonidas, more
powerful than Eurybiadês and Themistoklês, had found means to arrest
at Thermopylæ. It ruined for the time the whole scheme of defence,
by laying open the rear of the army at Thermopylæ to the operations
of the Persian fleet. But that which the Greeks did not do for
themselves was more than compensated by the beneficent intervention
of their gods, who opposed to the invader the more terrible arms of
storm and hurricane. He was allowed to bring his overwhelming host,
land-force as well as naval, to the brink of Thermopylæ and to the
coast of Thessaly, without hindrance or damage; but the time had
now arrived when the gods appeared determined to humble him, and
especially to strike a series of blows at his fleet which should
reduce it to a number not beyond what the Greeks could contend
with.[147] Amidst the general terror which pervaded Greece, the
Delphians were the first to earn the gratitude of their countrymen by
announcing that divine succor was at hand.[148] On entreating advice
from their own oracle, they were directed to pray to the Winds, who
would render powerful aid to Greece. Moreover, the Athenian seamen,
in their retreat at Chalkis, recollecting that Boreas was the husband
of the Attic princess or heroine Oreithyia, daughter of their ancient
king Erechtheus, addressed fervent prayers to their son-in-law for
his help in need.
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