We may reasonably accept this as something near the genuine speech
of Dion, reported by his companion Timonides, and thus passing into
the biography of Plutarch. It lends a peculiar interest, as an
exposition of motives, to the act which it accompanies. The sincerity
of the exposition admits of no doubt, for all the ordinary motives of
the case counselled an opposite conduct; and had Dion been in like
manner at the feet of his rival, his life would assuredly not have
been spared. He took pride (with a sentiment something like that of
Kallikratidas[240] on liberating the prisoners taken at Methymna) in
realizing by conspicuous act the lofty morality which he had imbibed
from the Academy; the rather, as the case presented every temptation
to depart from it Persuading himself that he could by an illustrious
example put to shame and soften the mutual cruelties so frequent in
Grecian party-warfare, and regarding the amnesty towards Herakleides
as a proper sequel to the generous impulse which had led him to march
from Leontini to Syracuse,—he probably gloried in both, more than in
the victory itself. We shall presently have the pain of discovering
that his anticipations were totally disappointed. And we may be sure
that at the time, the judgment passed on his proceeding towards
Herakleides was very different from what it now receives. Among his
friends and soldiers, the generosity of the act would be forgotten in
its imprudence. Among his enemies, it would excite surprise, perhaps
admiration—yet few of them would be conciliated or converted into
friends. In the bosom of Herakleides himself, the mere fact of owing
his life to Dion would be a new and intolerable humiliation, which
the Erinnys within would goad him on to avenge. Dion would be warned,
by the criticism of his friends, as well as by the instinct of his
soldiers, that in yielding to a magnanimous sentiment, he overlooked
the reasonable consequences; and that Herakleides continuing at
Syracuse would only be more dangerous both to him and them, than he
had been before. Without taking his life, Dion might have required
him to depart from Syracuse; which sentence, having regard to the
practice of the time, would have been accounted generosity.
[240] See Vol. VIII. Ch. lxiv. p. 165 of this History.
It was Dion’s next business to renew the wall of blockade constructed
against Ortygia, and partially destroyed in the late sally of
Nypsius. Every Syracusan citizen was directed to cut a stake, and
deposit it near the spot; after which, during the ensuing night, the
soldiers planted a stockade so as to restore the broken parts of
the line. Protection being thus ensured to the city against Nypsius
and his garrison, Dion proceeded to bury the numerous dead who had
been slain in the sally, and to ransom the captives, no less than
two thousand in number, who had been carried off into Ortygia.[241]
A trophy, with sacrifice to the gods for the victory, was not
forgotten.[242]
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