Thus perished Dion, having lived only about a year after his
expulsion of the Dionysian dynasty from Syracuse—but a year too
long for his own fame. Notwithstanding the events of those last
months, there is no doubt that he was a man essentially differing
from the class of Grecian despots: a man, not of aspirations
purely personal, nor thirsting merely for multitudes of submissive
subjects and a victorious army—but with large public-minded purposes
attached as coördinate to his own ambitious views. He wished to
perpetuate his name as the founder of a polity, cast in something
of the general features of Sparta; which, while it did not shock
Hellenic instincts, should reach farther than political institutions
generally aim to do, so as to remodel the sentiments and habits
of the citizens, on principles suited to philosophers like Plato.
Brought up as Dion was from childhood at the court of the elder
Dionysius, unused to that established legality, free speech,
and habit of active citizenship, from whence a large portion of
Hellenic virtue flowed—the wonder is how he acquired so much public
conviction and true magnanimity of soul—not how he missed acquiring
more. The influence of Plato during his youth stamped his mature
character; but that influence (as Plato himself tells us) found a
rare predisposition in the pupil. Still, Dion had no experience of
the working of a free and popular government. The atmosphere in
which his youth was passed was that of an energetic despotism; while
the aspiration which he imbibed from Plato was, to restrain and
regularize that despotism, and to administer to the people a certain
dose of political liberty, yet reserving to himself the task of
settling how much was good for them, and the power of preventing them
from acquiring more.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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