The flight of Imilkon with his Carthaginians from Syracuse left
Dionysius and the Syracusans in the full swing of triumph. The
conquests made by Imilkon were altogether lost, and the Carthaginian
dominion in Sicily was now cut down to that restricted space in the
western corner of the island, which it had occupied prior to the
invasion of Hannibal in 409 B. C. So prodigious a success probably
enabled Dionysius to put down the opposition recently manifested
among the Syracusans to the continuance of his rule. We are told
that he was greatly embarrassed by his mercenaries; who, having
been for some time without pay, manifested such angry discontent
as to threaten his downfall. Dionysius seized the person of their
commander, the Spartan Aristoteles: upon which the soldiers mutined
and flocked in arms around his residence, demanding in fierce terms
both the liberty of their commander and the payment of their arrears.
Of these demands, Dionysius eluded the first by saying that he would
send away Aristoteles to Sparta, to be tried and dealt with among
his own countrymen: as to the second, he pacified the soldiers by
assigning to them, in exchange for their pay, the town and territory
of Leontini. Willingly accepting this rich bribe, the most fertile
soil of the island, the mercenaries quitted Syracuse to the number
of ten thousand, to take up their residence in the newly assigned
town; while Dionysius hired new mercenaries in their place. To these
(including perhaps the Iberians or Spaniards who had recently passed
from the Carthaginian service into his) and to the slaves whom he had
liberated, he intrusted the maintenance of his dominion.[2]
[2] Diodor. xiv. 78.
These few facts, which are all that we hear, enable us to see that
the relations between Dionysius and the mercenaries by whose means
he ruled Syracuse, were troubled and difficult to manage. But they
do not explain to us the full cause of such discord. We know that
a short time before, Dionysius had rid himself of one thousand
obnoxious mercenaries by treacherously betraying them to death in a
battle with the Carthaginians. Moreover, he would hardly have seized
the person of Aristoteles, and sent him away for trial, if the latter
had done nothing more than demand pay really due to his soldiers.
It seems probable that the discontent of the mercenaries rested
upon deeper causes, perhaps connected with that movement in the
Syracusan mind against Dionysius, manifested openly in the invective
of Theodorus. We should have been glad also to know how Dionysius
proposed to pay the new mercenaries, if he had no means of paying
the old. The cost of maintaining his standing army, upon whomsoever
it fell, must have been burdensome in the extreme. What became of
the previous residents and proprietors at Leontini, who must have
been dispossessed when this much-coveted site was transferred to
the mercenaries? On all these points we are unfortunately left in
ignorance.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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