The loss on the side of Alexander is said to have been very small.
Twenty-five of the Companion-cavalry, belonging to the division under
Ptolemy and Amyntas, were slain in the first unsuccessful attempt
to pass the river. Of the other cavalry, sixty in all were slain;
of the infantry, thirty. This is given to us as the entire loss on
the side of Alexander.[199] It is only the number of killed; that
of the wounded is not stated; but assuming it to be ten times the
number of killed, the total of both together will be 1265.[200] If
this be correct, the resistance of the Persian cavalry, except near
that point where Alexander himself and the Persian chiefs came into
conflict, cannot have been either serious or long protracted. But
when we add farther the contest with the infantry, the smallness of
the total assigned for Macedonian killed and wounded will appear
still more surprising. The total of the Persian infantry is stated
at nearly 20,000, most part of them Greek mercenaries. Of these only
2000 were made prisoners; nearly all the rest (according to Arrian)
were slain. Now the Greek mercenaries were well armed, and not likely
to let themselves be slain with impunity; moreover Plutarch expressly
affirms that they resisted with desperate valor, and that most of the
Macedonian loss was incurred in the conflict against them. It is not
easy therefore to comprehend how the total number of slain can be
brought within the statement of Arrian.[201]
[199] Arrian, i. 16, 7, 8.
[200] Arrian, in describing another battle, considers that the
proportion of twelve to one, between wounded and killed, is above
what could have been expected (v. 24, 8). Rüstow and Köchly (p.
273) state that in modern battles, the ordinary proportion of
wounded to killed is from 8:1 to 10:1.
[201] Arrian, i. 16, 8; Plutarch, Alexand. 16. Aristobulus
(apud Plutarch. _l. c._) said that there were slain, among the
companions of Alexander (τῶν περὶ τὸν Ἀλέξανδρον) thirty-four
persons, of whom nine were infantry. This coincides with Arrian’s
statement about the twenty-five companions of the cavalry, slain.
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