After the victory, Alexander manifested the greatest solicitude for
his wounded soldiers, whom he visited and consoled in person. Of the
twenty-five Companions slain, he caused brazen statues, by Lysippus,
to be erected at Dium in Macedonia, where they were still standing
in the time of Arrian. To the surviving relatives of all the slain
he also granted immunity from taxation and from personal service.
The dead bodies were honorably buried, those of the enemy as well as
of his own soldiers. The two thousand Greeks in the Persian service
who had become his prisoners, were put in chains, and transported
to Macedonia, there to work as slaves; to which treatment Alexander
condemned them on the ground that they had taken arms on behalf
of the foreigner against Greece, in contravention of the general
vote passed by the synod at Corinth. At the same time, he sent
to Athens three hundred panoplies selected from the spoil, to be
dedicated to Athênê in the acropolis with this inscription—“Alexander
son of Philip, and the Greeks, except the Lacedæmonians (_present
these offerings_), out of the spoils of the foreigners inhabiting
Asia.”[202] Though the vote to which Alexander appealed represented
no existing Grecian aspiration, and granted only a sanction which
could not be safely refused, yet he found satisfaction in clothing
his own self-aggrandizing impulse under the name of a supposed
Pan-hellenic purpose: which was at the same time useful, as
strengthening his hold upon the Greeks, who were the only persons
competent, either as officers or soldiers, to uphold the Persian
empire against him. His conquests were the extinction of genuine
Hellenism, though they diffused an exterior varnish of it, and
especially the Greek language, over much of the Oriental world. True
Grecian interests lay more on the side of Darius than of Alexander.
[202] Arrian, i. 16, 10, 11.
The battle of the Granikus, brought on by Arsites and the other
satraps contrary to the advice of Memnon, was moreover so unskilfully
fought by them, that the gallantry of their infantry, the most
formidable corps of Greeks that had ever been in the Persian service,
was rendered of little use. The battle, properly speaking, was
fought only by the Persian cavalry;[203] the infantry was left to be
surrounded and destroyed afterwards.
[203] Arrian usually calls the battle of the Granikus an
ἱππομαχία (i. 17, 10 and elsewhere).
The battle was fought in the Attic month Thargelion: probably the
beginning of May (Plutarch, Camillus, 19).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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