History of Indian and Eastern ArchitectureFergusson, James
History
History of Indian and Eastern Architecture
Fergusson, James
Architecture -- India; Architecture, Asian
As will be observed the two last-mentioned dagobas present us with a
peculiarity not found on any example we have yet met with, inasmuch as
they are surrounded by three circles of slender monolithic columns, of
very elegant design. It can hardly be doubted that these represent, and
take the place of, the rail of the northern topes, and subserve the same
purpose, but in what manner is not at first sight very apparent.
Referring, however, to what was said above, about the Ceylonese
preferring painting to sculpture, it does not seem difficult to explain
the anomaly. These pillars were originally, I fancy, connected with one
another by beams of wood on their capitals, and from these, frames or
curtains may have been suspended covered with the paintings which are so
indispensable a part of Buddhist decoration. But it may be objected why
three? or, as I believe, the Lankaramaya had originally, four such
ranges of pillars? It is true the northern dagobas had generally only
one rail, but that at Amravati had two, and as the great dagobas here
had three procession-paths, while none of the northern ones had more
than one, we should not be surprised if the smaller dagobas had three
paths also, though differently arranged, and even then hardly capable of
displaying the same amount of painting. When we come to describe the
great temple of Boro Buddor in Java it will be seen that it had five
procession-paths, and that their walls were sculptured, both inside and
outside, with an amount of stone decoration which none of these
Ceylonese topes could display, even in painting, by any arrangement we
can now understand.
There is still another--the Saila dagoba--within the limits of the city,
but so ruined that its architectural features are undistinguishable,
though tradition would lead us to suppose it was the oldest in the
place, belonging to a period even anterior to Sakya Muni. The spot at
all events is said to have been hallowed by the presence of Kasyapa, the
preceding Buddha.
Besides these, there are on the hill of Mehentele, a few miles to the
north-east of the city, two important relic-shrines: one of the first
class, erected on its summit to cover a hair that grew on the forehead
of Buddha over his left eyebrow. The other, on a shoulder of the hill
immediately below this, is of the same class as the Thuparamaya; a small
central building surrounded by concentric rows of granite pillars,
which, as appears to have been usual when this mode of decoration was
employed, rose to half the height of the central mound.
There are, in addition to these, a great number of topes of various
sorts scattered over the plain, but whether any of them are particularly
interesting, either from their architecture or their history, has not
been ascertained, nor will it be till the place is far more carefully
surveyed than it has yet been.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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