History of Indian and Eastern ArchitectureFergusson, James
History
History of Indian and Eastern Architecture
Fergusson, James
Architecture -- India; Architecture, Asian
The woodcut (No. 130) will give some idea of the arrangement of the
porch, but it would require a far more extensive and elaborate drawing
to convey a correct impression of its extreme beauty of detail and
diversity of design. The great pillars, as will be seen, are of the same
height as those of the smaller external porticos; and like them they
finish with the usual bracket-capital of the East; upon this an upper
dwarf column or attic, if it may be so called, is placed to give them
additional height, and on these upper columns rest the great beams or
architraves which support the dome; as, however, the bearing is long, at
least in appearance, the weight is relieved by the curious angular strut
or truss of white marble, mentioned above (p. 215), which, springing
from the lower capital, seems to support the middle of the beam.
That this last feature is derived from some wooden or carpentry
original, can, I think, scarcely be doubted; but in what manner it was
first introduced into masonry construction is unknown; probably it might
easily be discovered by a more careful examination of the buildings in
this neighbourhood. It continues as an architectural feature down almost
to the present day, but gradually becoming more and more attenuated,
till at last, except in one example at Delhi, to be mentioned hereafter,
it loses all its constructive significance as a supporting member, and
dwindles into a mere ornament.
[Illustration: 132. Pillars at Chandrávati. (From Tod’s ‘Western
India.’)]
On the octagon so formed rests the dome, the springing of which is shown
in Woodcut No. 130 (p. 236). In this instance a single block in the
angles of the octagon suffices to introduce the circle. Above the second
row of ornaments sixteen pedestals are introduced supporting statues,
and in the centre is a pendant of the most exquisite beauty; the whole
is in white marble, and finished with a delicacy of detail and
appropriateness of ornament which is probably unsurpassed by any similar
example to be found anywhere else. Those introduced by the Gothic
architects in Henry VII.’s chapel at Westminster, or at Oxford, are
coarse and clumsy in comparison. It is difficult, by any means of
illustration, to convey a correct idea of the extreme beauty and
delicacy of these pendant ornaments, but the woodcut on page 237 (No.
131) from a photograph will explain their form, even if it cannot
reflect their beauty.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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