III. TREATMENT OF THE VANQUISHED PEOPLES 68 IV. SUBMISSION OF LATIUM AFTER THE FIRST SAMNITE WAR 75 V. SECOND SAMNITE WAR 78 VI. THIRD SAMNITE WAR--COALITION OF SAMNITES, ETRUSCANS, UMBRIANS, AND HERNICI (443-449) 82 VII. FOURTH SAMNITE WAR--SECOND COALITION OF THE SAMNITES, ETRUSCANS, UMBRIANS, AND GAULS (456-464) 85 VIII. THIRD COALITION OF THE ETRUSCANS, GAULS, LUCANIANS, AND TARENTUM (469-474) 88 IX. PYRRHUS IN ITALY--SUBMISSION OF TARENTUM (474-488) 89 X. PREPONDERANCE OF ROME 92 XI. STRENGTH OF THE INSTITUTIONS 97 CHAPTER IV. PROSPERITY OF THE BASIN OF THE MEDITERRANEAN BEFORE THE PUNIC WARS. I. COMMERCE OF THE MEDITERRANEAN 104 II. NORTHERN AFRICA 105 III. SPAIN 110 IV. SOUTHERN GAUL 114 V. LIGURIA, CISALPINE GAUL, VENETIA, AND ILLYRIA 115 VI. EPIRUS 118 VII. GREECE 119 VIII. MACEDONIA 124 IX. ASIA MINOR 126 X. KINGDOM OF PONTUS 127 XI. BITHYNIA 130 XII. CAPPADOCIA 131 XIII. KINGDOM OF PERGAMUS 132 XIV. CARIA, LYCIA, AND CILICIA 135 XV. SYRIA 137 XVI. EGYPT 143 XVII. CYRENAICA 146 XVIII. CYPRUS 147 XIX. CRETE 148 XX. RHODES 148 XXI. SARDINIA 151 XXII. CORSICA 152 XXIII. SICILY 152 CHAPTER V. PUNIC WARS AND WARS OF MACEDONIA AND ASIA (488-621). I. COMPARISON BETWEEN ROME AND CARTHAGE 155 II. FIRST PUNIC WAR (490-513) 158 III. WAR OF ILLYRIA (525) 165