684. 900,000. (Titus Livius, _Epitome_, XCVIII.)--Dio Cassius (XLIII. 25) relates that the census ordered by Cæsar after the civil war had presented a frightful diminution of the number of the population (δεινἡ ὁλιγανθροπἱα). Appian (II. 102) says that this number had only reached about the half of the previous census. According to Plutarch (_Cæsar_, 55), upon 320,000 citizens counted before the war, Cæsar had only found 150,000. They confounded the registers of the distribution of wheat with the lists of the census. (See Suetonius, _Cæsar_, 41.) Augustus says expressly that between the years 684 and 726 there was no census taken, _post annum alterum et quadragesimum_. (_Monument of Ancyra_, tab. 2.)--The number of citizens whom he found at that epoch, 4,063,000, is about that which Cæsar might have declared. (Photius, _Biblioth._, cod. xcvii.--_Fragm. Histor._, ed. Müller, III. 606.) 726. 4,063,000. Closing of the lustrum by Augustus on his sixth consulship, with M. Agrippa for his colleague. (_Monument of Ancyra._) 746. 4,233,000. Second closure of the lustrum by Augustus alone. (_Monument of Ancyra_.) 767. 4,037,000. According to the _Monument of Ancyra_; 9,300,000 according to the _Chronicle of Eusebius_; third closure of the lustrum by Augustus and Tiberius Cæsar, his colleague, under the consulate of Sex. Pompeius and Sex. Appuleius. [695] These two words are found on the Italiote medals struck during the war. A denarius in the Bibliothèque Impériale presents the legend ITALIA in Latin characters, and, on the reverse, the name of Papius Mutilus in Oscan characters: [Illustration Oscan symbols], _Gai_, PAAPI + G (_ai fili_). [696] This measure satisfied the Etruscans. (Appian, _Civil Wars_, I. 49.) [697] Velleius Paterculus, II. 20.--Appian, _Civil Wars_, I. 49. [698] See Note (^1) to page 226. [699] “P. Sulpicius had sought by his rectitude the popular esteem: his eloquence, his activity, his mental superiority, and his fortune, made of him a remarkable man.” (Velleius Paterculus, II. 18.) [700] Plutarch, _Marius_, 36. [701] Plutarch, _Sylla_, 11. [702] Appian, _Civil Wars_, I. 57. [703] Appian, _Civil Wars_, I. 59. “Populus Romanus, Lucio Sylla dictatore ferente, comitiis centuriatis, municipiis civitatem ademit.” (Cicero, _Speech for his House_, 30.)