CHAPTER XII. German School, Holbein, Daur--Flemish School, Rubens, Vandyke--Dutch School, Teniers--French School, David--Anecdote of Napoleon 154 CHAPTER XIII. English School--Historical Remarks--Causes of Inferiority in the Art--Influence of the Reformation not Hostile to the Fine Arts in Britain, &c. 174 CHAPTER XIV. English School continued--History--Portrait--Landscape --Reynolds--West--Wilson--Laurence--Defects of English Style--Conclusion 190 ARCHITECTURE. CHAPTER XV. Early History and Principles of Architectural Design--Egyptian --Syrian--Indian Architecture 227 CHAPTER XVI. Greek Architecture--Three Orders: Doric Remains, Ionic Remains, Corinthian Remains--Roman Architecture--Decline 248 CHAPTER XVII. Architecture of the Middle Ages--Divisions of the Gothic--Revival of Classic Architecture--Italian, French, and English Masters--Conclusion 278 PREFACE. THE present volume is offered to the public, under the impression that the general cultivation of practical taste, and an acquaintance with the principles of the Fine Arts, are not only desirable in the light of acquirement, but must eventually prove highly beneficial to the useful arts of the country. The subject, therefore, seemed peculiarly adapted to the very excellent Publication of which this forms a portion.[A] * * * * * It is only bespeaking that share of confidence due, in the first instance, to opportunities of research, to state, that in the following pages not a single work of art is made the subject of criticism, the original of which the author has not seen and examined. Indeed, the substance of his remarks is generally transcribed from notes taken with the statue, or picture, or building, before him. The best authorities, also, have been consulted, and such as from their price or rarity are within reach of few readers. The historical details of Classic Art are chiefly the result of inquiries connected with a work on Grecian Literature, the composition of which has long engaged his hours of leisure. J. S. M. INTRODUCTION.