History of Spanish and Portuguese Literature (Vol 1 of 2)Bouterwek, Friedrich
History
History of Spanish and Portuguese Literature (Vol 1 of 2)
Bouterwek, Friedrich
Portuguese literature -- History and criticism; Spanish literature -- History and criticism
In ancient Spanish poetry the strictly lyric romances do not form
a different class from the narrative romances. On the contrary,
these kinds are inseparably confounded. In like manner, no essential
distinction between what was called a _cancion_ (song), and a lyric
romance, was established either in theory or in practice. A custom
prevailed of classing, without distinction, under the general name of
romance, any lyric expression of the feelings which ran on, in the
popular manner, in a string of redondillas, without distinct strophes,
and which, in that respect resembled the greater part of the narrative
romances. When, however, the composition was divided into little
strophes, or coplas, it was usually called a _cancion_, a term employed
in nearly the same indeterminate sense as the word _song_ in English,
or _lied_ in German, but which does not correspond with the Italian
_canzone_. The same name, however, came afterwards to be applied to
lyric pieces of greater research and more elevated character, if they
were divided into strophes. Compositions in coplas must have been
common in Spain about the middle of the fourteenth century; for the
traces of their origin lead back to the ancient Spanish custom of
accompanying such songs, in the true style of national poetry, with
dances. The saraband is one of those old national dances, during the
performance of which coplas were sung. Hence the Spanish proverb
denoting antiquated and trivial poetry, when it is said of verses that
“they are not worth as much as the coplas of the saraband,” in the
same way as the romance of Calainos is quoted proverbially.[67] But
many lyric compositions which are preserved in the collections of the
most ancient of the pieces known by the general name of romances, are
probably of an older date than those in coplas which appear in the
_Cancioneros_. They have, like the older romances, only a single rhyme,
alternating with assonances and blank verses; but, independently of
this proof, their old language, which corresponds so naturally with
the ingenuous simplicity of their manner, is sufficient to mark their
antiquity.[68]
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