History of Spanish Literature, vol. 1 (of 3)Ticknor, George
History
History of Spanish Literature, vol. 1 (of 3)
Ticknor, George
Spanish literature -- History and criticism
But the nearest approach to a dramatic composition made by Juan de
la Enzina is to be found in two eclogues between “The Esquire that
turns Shepherd,” and “The Shepherds that turn Courtiers”; both of
which should be taken together and examined as one whole, though,
in his simplicity, the poet makes them separate and independent of
each other.[445] In the first, a shepherdess, who is a coquette,
shows herself well disposed to receive Mingo, one of the shepherds,
for her lover, till a certain gay esquire presents himself, whom,
after a fair discussion, she prefers to accept, on condition he will
turn shepherd;--an unceremonious transformation, with which, and the
customary _villancico_, the piece concludes. The second eclogue,
however, at its opening, shows the esquire already tired of his
pastoral life, and busy in persuading all the shepherds, somewhat
in the tone of Touchstone in “As you like it,” to go to court, and
become courtly. In the dialogue that follows, an opportunity occurs,
which is not neglected, for a satire on court manners, and for natural
and graceful praise of life in the country. But the esquire carries
his point. They change their dresses, and set forth gayly upon their
adventures, singing, by way of finale, a spirited _villancico_ in honor
of the power of Love, that can thus transform shepherds to courtiers,
and courtiers to shepherds.
[445] These are the two eclogues, “Pascuala, Dios te mantenga!”
(f. 86,) and “Ha, Mingo, quedaste atras” (f. 88). They were,
I have little doubt, represented in succession, with a pause
between, like that between the acts of a modern play, in which
Enzina presented a copy of his Works to the Duke and Duchess, and
promised to write no more poetry unless they ordered him to do it.
The most poetical passage in the two eclogues is one in which Mingo,
the best of the shepherds, still unpersuaded to give up his accustomed
happy life in the country, describes its cheerful pleasures and
resources, with more of natural feeling, and more of a pastoral air,
than are found anywhere else in these singular dialogues.
But look ye, Gil, at morning dawn,
How fresh and fragrant are the fields;
And then what savory coolness yields
The cabin’s shade upon the lawn.
And he that knows what ’t is to rest
Amidst his flocks the livelong night,
Sure he can never find delight
In courts, by courtly ways oppressed.
O, what a pleasure ’t is to hear
The cricket’s cheerful, piercing cry!
And who can tell the melody
His pipe affords the shepherd’s ear?
Thou know’st what luxury ’t is to drink,
As shepherds do, when worn with heat,
From the still fount, its waters sweet,
With lips that gently touch their brink;
Or else, where, hurrying on, they rush
And frolic down their pebbly bed,
O, what delight to stoop the head,
And drink from out their merry gush![446]
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