History of the Comstock Patent Medicine Business and Dr. Morse's Indian Root PillsShaw, Robert B.
History
History of the Comstock Patent Medicine Business and Dr. Morse's Indian Root Pills
Shaw, Robert B.
Patent medicines -- United States; W.H. Comstock Co.
[Illustration: FIGURE 26.--In its final years the Comstock advertising
assumed a modern guise. Depicted here is the N. & B. Liniment
(originally registered with the Smithsonian as Carlton's Celebrated
Nerve and Bone Liniment for horses, in 1851).]
For many decades--from 1900 at least up into the 1930s--a number of very
large shipments, normally 100 gross or more in single orders, were made
to Gilpin, Langdon & Co., Baltimore, and to Columbia Warehouse Co. in
St. Louis, important regional distributors.
Many substantial orders were also received from legitimate drug houses,
such as Lehn & Fink; Schieffelin & Co.; Smith, Kline & French; and
McKesson & Robbins. Curiously, A.J. White & Co. of New York City also
appears in the order book, around 1900, as an occasional purchaser.
Among the foreign orders received in 1930 the United Fruit Company was,
by a wide margin, the largest single customer.
Pills destined for the Latin American market were packaged alternatively
in "glass" or "tin," and were also labeled "Spanish" or "English," as
the purchasers might direct. Spanish language almanacs and other
advertising matter were generally inserted in the foreign parcels, along
with many copies of "tapes"--the advertisements of the worm pills
conspicuously illustrated with a horrifying picture of an enormous
tapeworm.
Sales volume began to decline more precipitously in the 1930s, and the
Morristown factory was no longer working even close to capacity. The
domestic order book for 1941 shows sales of the Indian Root Pills, in
quantities of one gross or more, of only 316 gross. The Royal Drug Co.
of Chicago gave one single order for 44 gross, and Myers Bros. Drug Co.
of St. Louis bought 25 gross in one shot, but otherwise orders in excess
of five gross were rare, and those for one gross alone--or for one half
gross, one fourth gross, or one sixth gross--were far more common. The
number of orders was still substantial, and the packing and mailing
clerks must have been kept fairly busy, but they were working hard for a
sharply reduced total volume. Some stimulus was provided for the factory
during the war years by a military contract for foot powder, but the
decline became even more precipitous after the conflict. The Comstock
Hotel was destroyed by fire in 1925, never to be rebuilt. And by the
late 1940s the once-busy railroad bisecting the factory property--the
old Utica & Black River--had deteriorated to one lonely train crawling
over its track in each direction, on weekdays only, but still carrying a
New York City sleeping car. The 1950 order book reveals a business that
had withered away to almost nothing. Once again, as in 1900, both
foreign and domestic sales were recorded in a single book, but now
foreign sales greatly outstripped the domestic. In fact, a mere 18 gross
of the pills were sold--in quantities of one gross or more--in the
domestic market in that year, contrasting sadly with nearly 6,000 gross
in 1910. Even the Henry P. Gilpin Co.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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