History of the Conquest of Mexico; vol. 4/4Prescott, William Hickling
History
History of the Conquest of Mexico; vol. 4/4
Prescott, William Hickling
Cortés, Hernán, 1485-1547; Mexico -- History -- Conquest, 1519-1540
At all the great towns where he halted he was sumptuously entertained.
Triumphal arches were thrown across the road, and the streets were
strewed with flowers as he passed. After a night’s repose at Tezcuco, he
made his entrance in great state into the capital. The municipality came
out to welcome him, and a brilliant cavalcade of armed citizens formed
his escort; while the lake was covered with barges of the Indians, all
fancifully decorated with their gala dresses, as on the day of his first
arrival among them. The streets echoed to music, and dancing, and sounds
of jubilee, as the procession held on its way to the great convent of
St. Francis, where thanksgivings were offered up for the safe return of
the general, who then proceeded to take up his quarters once more in
his own princely residence.[234] It was in June, 1526, when Cortés
re-entered Mexico; nearly two years had elapsed since he had left it, on
his difficult march to Honduras,--a march which led to no important
results, but which consumed nearly as much time, and was attended with
sufferings quite as severe, as the Conquest of Mexico itself.[235]
Cortés did not abuse his present advantage. He, indeed, instituted
proceedings against his enemies; but he followed them up so languidly as
to incur the imputation of weakness. It is the only instance in which he
has been accused of weakness; and, since it was shown in redressing his
own injuries, it may be thought to reflect no discredit on his
character.[236]
He was not permitted long to enjoy the sweets of triumph. In the month
of July he received advices of the arrival of a _juez de residencia_ on
the coast, sent by the court of Madrid to supersede him temporarily in
the government. The crown of Castile, as its colonial empire extended,
became less and less capable of watching over its administration. It was
therefore obliged to place vast powers in the hands of its viceroys;
and, as suspicion naturally accompanies weakness, it was ever prompt to
listen to accusations against these powerful vassals. In such cases the
government adopted the expedient of sending out a commissioner, or _juez
de residencia_, with authority to investigate the conduct of the
accused, to suspend him in the meanwhile from his office, and, after a
judicial examination, to reinstate him in it or to remove him
altogether, according to the issue of the trial. The enemies of Cortés
had been for a long time busy in undermining his influence at court, and
in infusing suspicions of his loyalty in the bosom of the emperor. Since
his elevation to the government of the country they had redoubled their
mischievous activity, and they assailed his character with the foulest
imputations. They charged him with appropriating to his own use the gold
which belonged to the crown, and especially with secreting the treasures
of Montezuma. He was said to have made false reports of the provinces he
had conquered, that he might defraud the exchequer of its lawful
revenues.
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