Produced by David Reed, Dale R. Fredrickson and David Widger HISTORY OF THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE Edward Gibbon, Esq. With notes by the Rev. H. H. Milman Volume 1 1782 (Written), 1845 (Revised) CONTENTS Introduction Preface By The Editor Preface Of The Author Preface To The First Volume Chapter I: The Extent Of The Empire In The Age Of The Antoninies.—Part I. Part II. Part III. Introduction—The Extent And Military Force Of The Empire In The Age Of The Antonines. Chapter II: The Internal Prosperity In The Age Of The Antonines.—Part I. Part II. Part III. Part IV. Of The Union And Internal Prosperity Of The Roman Empire, In The Age Of The Antonines. Chapter III: The Constitution In The Age Of The Antonines.—Part I. Part II. Of The Constitution Of The Roman Empire, In The Age Of The Antonines. Chapter IV: The Cruelty, Follies And Murder Of Commodus.—Part I. Part II. The Cruelty, Follies, And Murder Of Commodus. Election Of Pertinax—His Attempts To Reform The State—His Assassination By The Prætorian Guards. Chapter V: Sale Of The Empire To Didius Julianus.—Part I. Part II. Public Sale Of The Empire To Didius Julianus By The Prætorian Guards—Clodius Albinus In Britain, Pescennius Niger In Syria, And Septimius Severus In Pannonia, Declare Against The Murderers Of Pertinax—Civil Wars And Victory Of Severus Over His Three Rivals—Relaxation Of Discipline—New Maxims Of Government. Chapter VI: Death Of Severus, Tyranny Of Caracalla, Usurpation Of Macrinus.—Part I. Part II. Part III. Part IV. The Death Of Severus.—Tyranny Of Caracalla.—Usurpation Of Macrinus.—Follies Of Elagabalus.—Virtues Of Alexander Severus.—Licentiousness Of The Army.—General State Of The Roman Finances. Chapter VII: Tyranny Of Maximin, Rebellion, Civil Wars, Death Of Maximin.—Part I. Part II. Part III. The Elevation And Tyranny Of Maximin.—Rebellion In Africa And Italy, Under The Authority Of The Senate.—Civil Wars And Seditions.—Violent Deaths Of Maximin And His Son, Of Maximus And Balbinus, And Of The Three Gordians.—Usurpation And Secular Games Of Philip. Chapter VIII: State Of Persia And Restoration Of The Monarchy.—Part I. Part II. Of The State Of Persia After The Restoration Of The Monarchy By Artaxerxes. Chapter IX: State Of Germany Until The Barbarians.—Part I. Part II. Part III. The State Of Germany Till The Invasion Of The Barbarians In The Time Of The Emperor Decius. Chapter X: Emperors Decius, Gallus, Æmilianus, Valerian And Gallienus.—Part I. Part II. Part III. Part IV. The Emperors Decius, Gallus, Æmilianus, Valerian, And Gallienus.—The General Irruption Of The Barbarians.—The Thirty Tyrants. Chapter XI: Reign Of Claudius, Defeat Of The Goths.—Part I. Part II. Part III. Reign Of Claudius.—Defeat Of The Goths.—Victories, Triumph, And Death Of Aurelian.