St. Malo, John of Gaunt defeated at, ii. 315 Saintonge restored to Edward III., ii. 266; won by Du Guesclin, 287 St. Pierre, Eustache de, ii. 245 St. Pol, Waleran, count of, iii. 6 St. Quentin, battle of, iv. 108 St. Ruth, General, vii. 73 St. Vincent, Cape, battles of, viii. 40, 127 St. Vincent, island of, conquered by England, vii. 307 Saladin tithe, i. 257 Salamanca, battle of, viii. 199, 200 Salisbury, cathedral at, ii. 106; Protestant martyrs at, iv. 96 Salisbury, Margaret, countess of, iii. 349 Salisbury, Robert Cecil, first earl of. _See_ Cecil Salisbury, James Cecil, third earl of, vi. 288 Salisbury, William Longsword, earl of, i. 337, 342, 343, 345 Salisbury, William de Montacute, second earl of, ii. 306, 345, 352 Salisbury, John de Montacute, third earl of, ii. 380; iii. 8, 9 Salisbury, Thomas de Montacute, fourth earl of, iii. 45 Salisbury, Richard Neville, earl of, iii. 73, 74, 75, 78, 112 Salt-springs in Worcestershire, ii. 107 Sancroft, Archbishop of Canterbury, vii. 30, 45, 65 Sanders, Nicholas, iv. 316 Sandwich, Edward Montagu, first earl of, vi. 193, 214 _San Graal_, poem of the, i. 174, 247 San Sebastian, siege of, viii. 202 Santa Cruz, Blake's victory at, vi. 124 Saratoga, Burgoyne's surrender at, viii. 26 Sardinia conquered by Spain, vii. 187; the duke of Savoy made king of, 188 Sarsfield, Patrick, vii. 72, 73 Sarum, Old, captured by the West Saxons, i. 37 Saunders, Lawrence, iv. 91 Sautre, William, iii. 5 Savile, Sir Henry, v. 229 Savile, Sir John, v. 284 Savoy joins the Grand Alliance, vii. 119; joins the Triple Alliance, 187, 188 "Savoy," the, ii. 32, 263, 321; conference at, vi. 204 Saxe, Marshal, vii. 226, 231 Saxons, their early home, i. 10; attack Britain, 28, 29, 31, 33, 34. _See_ East Saxons, Middle Saxons, South Saxons, West Saxons Saxony, Frederic III., elector of, iii. 254 Saxony, Maurice, Duke of, iv. 50, 51, 64 Say and Sele, James Fiennes, first Lord, iii. 66 Saye and Sele, William Fiennes, first Viscount, v. 320, 354, 358; vi. 194 Scales, Anthony Woodville, Lord, iii. 130, 131. _See_ Rivers Scarborough, Piers Gaveston besieged in, ii. 190; peasant revolt at, 324 Schmalkald, League of, iii. 336; iv. 36, 50 Scholasticism, ii. 21, 22; its political influence, 22, 23 Schomberg, duke of, vii. 70, 71 Schools, English language supersedes French in, ii. 356, 357; founded by Ælfred, i. 114; under Henry VIII., iii. 200, 201; under Edward VI., 201; iv. 62; under Elizabeth, iii. 201; at Bec, i. 159; at Canterbury, 92; at Jarrow, 91; at York, _ib._; of the Friars, ii. 14; Sunday, viii. 47 Science, physical, Roger Bacon's plea for, ii. 20; its beginnings in England, iii. 190; vi. 131, 132, 166, 167