History of the Fifty-Seventh Regiment, Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteer Infantry: First Brigade, First Division, Third Corps and Second Brigade, Third Division, Second Corps, Army of the PotomacVarious
History
History of the Fifty-Seventh Regiment, Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteer Infantry: First Brigade, First Division, Third Corps and Second Brigade, Third Division, Second Corps, Army of the Potomac
Various
Pennsylvania -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories; United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories; United States. Army. Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, 57th (1861-1865)
The afternoon of the second day's march brought the advance of the army
in front of the enemy's formidable works around Yorktown and along the
Warwick river. For the space of nearly a mile, immediately in front of
the town, the country was open, scarcely a tree or a shrub impeding the
view of the fortifications, whose embrasures bristled with heavy
ordnance. With drums beating and colors flying we marched boldly along
the way and filing off into the open fields deliberately proceeded to
pitch our tents and make our camp in the very jaws, as it were, of these
frowning batteries. Whether it was a fear of bringing on a general
engagement, or amazement at our audacity that kept the Confederates
quiet behind their earth-works we did not then know, but subsequent
events proved the former to be the cause. Not until the day following
did they manifest a disposition to disturb our repose, and then only by
a solitary shot that plunged into one of our company's streets, burying
itself deep in the soft earth. This shot was sufficient, however, to
admonish us of the fact that they had a perfect range of our camp, and
could, of they chose, make it exceedingly uncomfortable for us. As a
result we very deliberately withdrew, without the loss of a tent or
knapsack, back to the main line in the woods, though not wholly beyond
the range of their guns.
Once in our established camp there began a month of as arduous duty as
untried soldiers were ever called to perform. Digging trenches,
constructing earthworks, and picket duty, kept us constantly engaged,
and to add to our discomfort the weather was extremely unpleasant;
frequent rains wetting us to the skin and rendering the earth about the
consistency of a mortar bed. Of this time Surgeon Lyman writes: "Here
for three weeks the men walked in mud, slept in mud and drank water from
holes scooped out of the mud. The combined remonstrances of the medical
officers of the brigade, 'that a month's continuance in that place would
deprive the government of the services of one-half of its members,' were
met by the silencing reply, 'It is a military necessity.' The result
showed that our fears were well founded. The malaria of the marshes and
swamps of Yorktown, with the excessive labor performed in the trenches
and on picket duty, debilitated our men for months, sending dozens of
them to their graves, and rendering hundreds unfit for service, and many
for life."
Here we had our first experience with the wild garlic, which grew
spontaneously in the uncultivated fields and after a day or two's
pasturing rendered the flesh of the beeves unpalatable, the taste of the
garlic remaining long in the mouth after the act of mastication. Here,
too, the regiment had its baptismal of blood, in the known to us, though
never historically christened, "Battle of the Peach Orchard."
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