_Different Charters granted—Rules and Regulations of the Star Chamber—Of appointing a Governor—Additional Rules—Report against a Governor—Sir John Berry’s Advice—Bye Boat-keepers, what?—Question of a Colony argued—Stat. 10 & 11 Will. 3. c. 25._ 5 PART II. _Mr. Larkin’s Observations—Character of the fishing Admirals—Character of the Commanders—Want of Police—Opinion of the Board 1706—Representation 1708—For Sea Commanders to command at Land—Such Commission issues—Laws and Orders made at Newfoundland—Representation 1718—Claim of the Guipuscoans to Fish—Of the Land ceded by the French—A Salmon Fishery granted—Opinion on the 7th Sec. of Stat. 10 and 11 Will. 3.—Representation 1728—Recommends a civil Government—A civil Governor is appointed—Disorders of Newfoundland, and Conduct of the fishing Admirals during this Period—Complaints from the Merchants._ 22 PART III. _Justices appointed—Opinion on raising Money by the Justices—Contest between the Justices and fishing Admirals—Opinion on the Authority of the Admirals—A Court of Oyer and Terminer proposed.—Such Commission issued—Lord Baltimore revives his Claim—The Peace of 1763—Remarks of the Board on Stat. 10 & 11 Will. 3.—Newfoundland a Plantation—Custom house established—Property in Flakes, &c. discussed—Stat. 15, Geo. 3, c. 31._ 97 PART IV. _Import of live Stock, &c.—Representation on a Bill brought in by the Western Merchants—Three Acts passed—Complaints about Courts—Review of the Courts at Newfoundland—Fishing Admirals—Surrogates—The Governor holds a Court—Courts of Vice-Admiralty and Sessions—The Governors cease to hold Courts—Court of Common Pleas instituted—Complaints against it—Representation—And Act passed for a Court of Civil Jurisdiction._ 129 INTRODUCTION. I intend to give a short history of the Government and Constitution of the island of _Newfoundland_. This will comprise the struggles and vicissitudes of two contending interests.—The _planters_ and _inhabitants_ on the one hand, who, being settled there, needed the protection of a government and police, with the administration of justice: and the _adventurers_ and _merchants_ on the other; who, originally carrying on the fishery from this country, and visiting that island only for the season, needed no such protection for themselves, and had various reasons for preventing its being afforded to the others.