=Aksavok, Ivan=, Russian publicist, advocates limited emancipation of Jews, II 208 defends pogroms, II 278 =Aktziznik=, Russian name for farmer of excise dues, II 186, 241 =Albedinski=, governor-general of Warsaw, suppresses pogrom, II 282 =Albo, Joseph=, philosophic work of, studied in Poland, I 133 f =Alexander the Great=, indirectly responsible for Jewish immigration into Eastern Europe, I 13 f =Alexander= (=Yaghello=), grand duke of Lithuania (1492-1506) and king of Poland (1501-1506), grants autonomy to Karaites, I 64 f favors Jewish capitalists, I 65, 71 expels Jews from Lithuania, and confiscates their property (1495), I 65 allows Jews to return to Lithuania and restores their property (1503), I 65, 70 f attended by Jewish body-physician, I 132 =Alexander I.=, emperor of Russia (1801-1825), I 335-413 receives report of "Jewish Committee," I 341 f sanctions Jewish Statute of 1804, I 342 agrees to postponement of expulsion from villages, I 347 invites Jews to send deputies, I 351 establishes friendly relations with Napoleon, I 350 f orders again expulsion from villages, I 361 again postpones it, I 352 Hasidim indebted to, I 356 releases Shneor Zalman, hasidic leader, I 378 praises patriotism of Jews, I 358 accords friendly reception to Jewish deputations, I 358, 359, 392 f appealed to by Christian residents of Vilna and Kovno against Jews, I 369 f orders investigation of ritual murder, II 74 issues decree forbidding charge of ritual murder, II 74 grants autonomy to Poland, II 88 appoints his brother Constantine military commander of Poland, II 16 receives report on Jews of Poland, II 94 appealed to by Poles against Jews, II 97, 99 vetoes Polish law barring Jews from liquor trade, II 94 reaction under, I 390 ff, 395 ff favors conversion of Jews, I 396 establishes "Society of Israelitish Christians," I 396 f refuses to dissolve it, I 400 sanctions severe measures against "Judaizers," I 403 receives memorandum of Lewis Way on Jews of Russia, I 398 renews oppression of Jews, I 404 decrees expulsion from villages in White Russia, I 406 appoints new "Jewish Committee," I 407 objects to residence of Jews in Russian Interior, I 409 contemplates introduction of military service among Jews, II 15 favors agriculture among Jews, II 197, III 24; see I 363 ff beginnings of revolutionary movement under, I 410